MODULE 9: IDENTIFICATION OF CRIMINALS Flashcards
SCOPE OF CRIMINAL IDENTIFICATION
- Suspect Identification
- Identification of actual perpetrator
- Identification of a dead body and other victim
KINDS OF CRIMINALS IDENTIFIED BY THE WITNESSES
- Known fugitives
- Unknown criminals
KINDS OF SUSPECT IDENTIFICATION
- Positive Identification
- Negative Identification
Uses information that identifies an individual beyond question and is legally
acceptable as pertaining to and originating from a particular individual.
Positive Identification
Use of all other information that maybe indicative of the personal identity of an
individual such as description of witness, personal belongings present at the
scene
Negative Identification
IDENTIFICATION OF CRIMINAL BY CONFESSION AND ADMISSION
- Confession
- Admission
The declaration of an accused expressly acknowledging his guilt of the offense
charged
Confession
An acknowledgement of a fact or circumstance from which guilt may be inferred.
It implicates but does not directly incriminate.
Admission
IDENTIFICATION OF CRIMINALS BY EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY
A.Cartography or Sketching (Artist’s Sketch)
B. Portrait Parle (Verbal Description method)
C. Rogues Gallery (Use of Photographic Files) method
D. General Photograph method
E. Police Line-up (Show ups)
It consists of putting ideas in an accurate pictorial form.
Cartography or Sketching (Artist’s Sketch)
It is a means of describing an object or area to satisfy a particular need.
Cartography or Sketching (Artist’s Sketch)
It is done when the witness and investigator develop a picture of the criminal with
the help of a skilled cartographer.
Cartography or Sketching (Artist’s Sketch)
Methods of Sketching:
- On the spot
- Memory method
- Semi-memory method
actual situation
On the spot
presence of lapse of time which is based on the own observation of a person.
Memory method
it is based on the observation of other person.
Semi-memory method
It becomes successful depending on the ability of a witness to describe the person
he saw committing the crime.
Portrait Parle (Verbal Description method)
It is a means of using descriptive terms in relation to the personal features of
individual and it can briefly describe as a word description or “spoken pictures”.
Portrait Parle (Verbal Description method)
It is based on the Bertillon method of criminal identification.
Portrait Parle (Verbal Description method)
A distinctive description of every feature of the face and head are especially valuable for investigation, especially when a set of the suspect’s fingerprints is not
available in his file.
Portrait Parle (Verbal Description method)
It is successful if there is an existing photograph of the perpetrator in the files or
gallery of the police or law enforcement agencies.
Rogues Gallery (Use of Photographic Files) method
It includes the investigator showing variety of facial types that may not be necessarily or directly represent the face of the criminal.
General Photograph method
It involves a process of letting or allowing a witness to select the primary suspect
from a group of chosen persons (suspects and innocent persons).
Police Line-up (Show ups)
An unconscious or sublime act aiming at self-betrayal clue which may result to the identification of perpetrators. It may be in the form of faulty acts, carelessness, negligence and vanity (believe on one’s cleverness or excessive pride)
CRIMINAL BAD LUCK
CRIMINAL BAD LUCK also known as
VEBRECHERPECH
It came from the Latin term for mode or method of operation.
Modus Operandi
It came from the Latin term for mode or method of operation.
MODUS OPERANDI FILE
Factors influencing MO include:
- Opportunity, desire, motive/intent
- Knowledge
- Experience
- Condition
IDENTIFICATION OF PERSONS IN GENERAL
- Ordinary method
- Scientific method
TRACING AND ARRESTING THE CRIMINAL
- By informers.
- By informants.
- Grapevine sources.
- Tailing the wife, relatives and friends of the criminal
- Using children of the same age
- Courting the girlfriend of the criminal
- Harassing the associates and friends of the criminal
- Interrogation of arrested criminals known to the subject.
- Use of bloodhound dogs or K-9.
- Considering ethnic origin of the criminal.
- Beware of disguises.
- Publication of rewards.
- Corrupting with money the known associates of the criminal.
The informers must be given the picture of the criminal together with
his last known address and acquaintances or his possible hang outs
By informers.
Informants must be contacted with the possible information as to the
whereabouts of the criminal.
By informants.
These grapevine informants or informers have easier access to the underworld where vital information could be gathered as to the whereabouts of the
particular criminal.
Grapevine sources.
following who will deliver provisions to
the hiding place.
Tailing the wife, relatives and friends of the criminal
as that of the children of the criminal whose
whereabouts could be unwittingly disclosed by the children.
Using children of the same age
by showing them with gifts and passionate
love. Money and love have proven in the pas as the major consideration of the
betrayal.
Courting the girlfriend of the criminal
with investigation of their
shady deals. They will give the desired information in exchange for peace, or by
befriending or helping them to get out of the mess of minor violations of law.
Harassing the associates and friends of the criminal
The criminals must be interrogated with false information that the one responsible for their arrest are the information coming from the criminals being sought
Harassing the associates and friends of the criminal
The criminals must be interrogated with false information that the one responsible for their arrest are the information coming from the criminals being sought.
Interrogation of arrested criminals known to the subject.
They are used to track down the suspect in
squatter’s areas, open field or wooden terrain.
Use of bloodhound dogs or K-9.
If the criminal is from Nueva Vizcaya,
there is a great possibility that they will go home to their provinces thru pier or airports
Considering ethnic origin of the criminal.
Disguises maybe employed by the criminal. many suspects had eluded police cordon or dragnet by pretending to be abnormal person greased with the dark oil and acting the mannerisms of the abnormal
Beware of disguises.
This maybe done through the different media (television, radio and newspaper) that may lead to the capture of the criminal. A weeklong
publication together with the criminal’s picture will pay off.
Publication of rewards.
