Module 9

Question 1

carotenoids

Answer 1

plant based

Question 2

retinoids

Answer 2

animal based (Vitamin A as acetate)

Question 3

RDA for vitamin A

Answer 3

700mcg RAE women
900mcg RAE men

Question 4

RAE

Answer 4

retinoid activity equivalents

Question 5

functions of vitamin A

Answer 5

1. vision
2. epithelial cell function (ex. skin, GIT, corneas)

Question 6

Bone growth

Answer 6

reproduction (male and female)

Question 7

Xerophthalmia: deficiency of vitamin A in corneal epithelia

Answer 7

night blindness-> dryness-> cornea dry and opaque-> scarring in deeper layers (loss of sight and lens)-> softening/melting of cornea-> blindness

Question 8

Functions of Vitamin D

Answer 8

-Maintain blood calcium levels (nerve conduction, heart beat, enzyme reactions, muscle contraction)
1. stimulate Ca absorption from GIT
2. Draw Ca out of bone
3. Reduce calcium lasses from kidney

Question 9

Vitamin D deficiency

Answer 9

in Children: Rickets
- widening of region of bone growth= bowing of legs and curving of spine and ribcage
in adults: osteomalacia (soft bones)
- demineralization and fractures

Question 10

Functions of Vitamin K

Answer 10

1. blood clotting
2. bone metabolism
3. kidney function
4. Ca absorption from GIT

Question 11

vitamin K deficiency and toxicity

Answer 11

Deficiency: rare (except with long term widespread antibiotics)
Toxicity: Rare (not stored)