Module 9 Flashcards
The science dealing with the description, identification, naming, and classifying of organisms
Taxonomy
Naming an organism with its genus and species name
Binomial nomenclature
A chemical secreted by a living organism that kills or reduces the reproduction rate of other organisms
Antibiotic
An organism that causes disease
Pathogen
An organism that feeds on dead matter
Saprophyte
A thick internal wall (made of several hard layers), produced by the bacterium, that encloses its DNA and other essential parts
Endospore
A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer
Conjugation
The transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell
Transformation
The process in which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another
Transduction
A noncellular infectious agent that has two characteristics:
(1) It has genetic material (DNA or RNA) inside a protective protein coat.
(2) It cannot reproduce on its own; it must infect a living cell.
Virus
A virus enters a cell, hijacks the host cell’s DNA replication system, makes copies of itself, and causes the cell to burst, releasing more viruses
Lyric cycle
A virus enters a cell, embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell. and is replicated along with the host cell’s DNA
Lysogenic cycle
A weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body’s production of antibodies that aid in destroying the pathogen
Vaccine
What are the taxonomic scientific groups used by scientists
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
According to binomial nomenclature, which two taxons are used to represent the organixms?
Genus and species
