Module 9-11

Question 1

“The time it takes for a medication to produce a response after it has been administered” - what’s the term

Answer 1

Onset

Question 2

“The time it takes for medication to reach its highest effective concentration”

Answer 2

Peak

Question 3

What is the term for “Minimum blood serum concentration”

Answer 3

Trough

Question 4

“The time during which a medication is present in sufficient concentration to produce a response”

Answer 4

Duration

Question 5

“Blood serum concentration of a medication has been reached and is maintained after repeated fixed dose”

Answer 5

Plateau

Question 6

How are medications taken sublingually (SL)?

Answer 6

Medication place under the tongue to dissolve

Question 7

How is buccal medication administered? What should you teach patients?

Answer 7

Medication placed against the mucous membranes of the cheek.
- Teach patient to alternate cheeks with each subsequent dose to avoid irritation, do not chew or swallow or drink anything until dissolved

Question 8

What are the five key points for administering nasal drops?

Answer 8

• Gently roll or shake the medication container
• Instruct the patient to clear or blow the nose, unless contraindicated
• Supine position; patient to remain supine for 5 minutes after administration
• Patient is not to blow the nose for several minutes
• Observe for side effects 15-30 minutes after (systemic reaction may occur)
• instruct pt to breath through mouth to reduce aspiration

Question 9

What position should the patient be in when administering nasal spray?

Answer 9

High Fowlers or sitting position

Question 10

Six key points for nasal spray

Answer 10

• Gently roll or shake the medication container
• Instruct the patient to clear or blow the nose, unless contraindicated
• High Fowler’s or sitting position for nasal spray
• Close off opposite nostril
• Administer with the patient’s head upright and do not tip the spray downward
• Observe for side effects 15-30 minutes after (systemic reaction may occur)

Question 11

What are three key points prior to administering ophthalmic medications?

Answer 11

• Assess condition of the external eye structures prior to administering eye medication.
• Cleanse the eye if crusts or drainage present.
• Wait at least 5 minutes if your patient has more than one eye medication to the same eye.

Question 12

What do you do when administering ophthalmic medications that cause systemic effects?

Answer 12

Apply gentle pressure with your finger and a clean tissue on the patients nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds
(This action prevents the overflow of medication into the nasal cavity)

Question 13

What are the two key points when administering ointments?

Answer 13

• Ask patient to look at the ceiling and apply a thin stream of ointment evenly along the inner edge of the lower eyelid on the conjunctiva from inner canthus to outer canthus.
• Ask the patient to close the eye and, using a cotton ball, to rub the lid lightly in a circular motion (if rubbing is not contraindicated).

Question 14

Instilled ear drops should be at room temperature and stay sterile. Why?

Answer 14

• failure to instill ear drops or irrigating fluid at room temperature may cause vertigo or nausea
• sterile solutions and drops are used incase the eardrum is ruptured

Question 15

What do you record after applying topical medication?

Answer 15

Location of application, name of the medication, condition of the skin

Question 16

Parental administration means

Answer 16

Injection of medication into the body tissues (ID,SC, IM, IV)

Question 17

What are intradermal injection’s?

Answer 17

Injection into the dermis just under the epidermis

Question 18

Subcutaneous injection

Answer 18

into tissues just below the dermis

Question 19

Intrathecal route is

Answer 19

Administered through a catheter that has been placed into the subarachnoid space or into one of the ventricles of the brain

Question 20

What is the dose calculation to figure out amount to administer?

Answer 20

Does ordered/dose on hand x amount on hand

Question 21

What do you check prior to administering oral meds?

Answer 21

check the MAR to Drs order

Check the patients name, medication name, dosage, route and the time for administration

Question 22

When do you do the three medication checks?

Answer 22

1st - before entering the room check to the MAR, pour out required medication amount into a medication cup
2nd - inside the room to the MAR
3rd - At the bedside prior to administration

Question 23

What are the most commonly used nasal installation?

Answer 23

Decongestants

Question 24

When administering medication by otic (ear) route, how do you straighten the ear canal in children under 3?

Answer 24

Pull the auricle down and back

Question 25

What should the patient do after administering medication through the otic route?

Answer 25

• remain in the position for 2 to 3 minutes

- Place the cotton ball into the outermost part of the ear if needed

Question 26

How do you remove patches?

Answer 26

Wearing clean gloves, peel horizontally along skin

Told adhesive side together, dispose in sharps container

Question 27

When administering medication vaginally (PV), The patient should lie in position for how long And why?

Answer 27

At least 10 minutes for adequate absorption

Question 28

How far do you insert the applicator for a vaginal medication?

Answer 28

Insert a suppository along the posterior wall of vaginal canal for the entire length of your finger (L) insert the applicator approximately 5 to 7.5 cm, then push the plunger to deposit medication (R)