MODULE 8: THE PEDIATRIC EXAMINATION Flashcards
Child protection concerns dictate that a child patient, including older children, should be ____________________________ while they are in the consulting room with you
accompanied by a parent or guardian
What should always be obtained for child protection
Parent’s/guardian’s consent
Age groups divided by AOA
Infants and Toddlers (newborn - 2 y/o)
Preschool Children (3-5y/o)
School-age Children (6-18 y/o)
Newborn - 2 y/o
Infants and toddlers
3-5 y/o
Preschool childreen
6-18 y/o
School-age children
Examination procedures
Patient History
Visual Acuity
Refraction
Accommodation
Binocular Vision
Ocular Health Assessment
Binocular vision includes
Ocular Motility
Stereopis
Color Vision
VA testing techniques for infants
VEP
Preferential looking
VA Testing technique for preschool
Symbol optotypes
Letter matching/naming
VA Testing technique for school-age
Snellen
ETDRS
Refraction technique for infants
Objective tests:
Cyclo ref
Near ref
Refraction technique for preschool
Static (distance) reti
Cyclo reti
Refraction technique for school-age
Static (distance reti
Cyclo reti
Subjective refraction
Accommodation technique for infants
N/A
Accommodation technique for PRESCHOOL
Dynamic retinoscopy (NOTT’s)
MEM reti
Accommodation technique for school age
Dynamic Reti (Nott’s)
MEM reti
NPA
NRA, PRA
Ocular alignment test for infants, preschool, and school-age
Cover test
Hirschberg
Krimsky
Both preschool and school-age have this binocular vision , but infants does not
Stereopsis, color vision
Binocular vision present in all age group
NPC
Ocular motility in infants
Versions
Pursuit
Ocular motility in preschool and school-age
Saccades
versions
Pursuits
Positive and negative fusional vergence in preschool
Step vergence
Maddox wing
Examination interval for patiens from birth through 2 y/o
At 6-12 months of age
Examination interval for patiens from 3-5 years old
Atleast once between 3-5 years of age
Examination interval for patiens from 6-17 years old
Before 1st grade and anually thereafter
