Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatric Optometry > MODULE 6: DEVELOPMENT OF AMETROPIA > Flashcards

MODULE 6: DEVELOPMENT OF AMETROPIA Flashcards

1
Q

process where the refractive power of the anterior segment as well as axial length adjust to reach emmetropia

A

Emmetropization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Desired results of emmetropization

A

▪️ Parallel rays of light come to a point focus or near point on the retina
▪️ The refractive condition of the eye centers on a refractive range around low hyperopia to emmetropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_________________ of light come to a point focus or near point on the retina

A

Parallel rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The refractive condition of the eye centers on a refractive range around__________________

A

low hyperopia to emmetropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Prescription given the benefit of the doubt na emmetropic

A

+0.50 to 1.00D of hyperopia with SD of +1.00D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Theory of emmetropization
- nature and genetics are guiding and key factor

A

Passive process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Theory of emmetropization
- natural growth and development of most eye are likely predictable

A

Passive process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Theory of emmetropization
- predictable programmed growth

A

Passive process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Key factors of nature in emmetropization as a passive process

A
  • growth in vitreal chamber
  • crystalline lens flattens
  • anterior chamber deepens
  • cornea flattens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Key factors of genetics in emmetropization as a passive process

A
  • hereditary aspect of myopia
  • likelihood of being myopic is directly correlated to number of myopic patients
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Likelihood of being myopic if both parents are myopic

A

42%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Likelihood of being myopic if one parent is myopic

A

22.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Likelihood of being myopic if neither is myopic

A

8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Theory of emmetropization

Major influences in active process

A

Nature and environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Theory of emmetropization

Major influences in passive process

A

Nature and genetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Theory of emmetropization

Visual system is able to compute the existence of a blur and then respon appropriately to compensate for it

A

Active process

17
Q

Elements of emmetropization

A

• Healthy eye
• Healthy environment
• Operational refractive range
• Intact emmetropization mechanism

18
Q

develop when there is a failure in the emmetropization process

A

Ametropia

19
Q

Ametropia results from _________ in the correlation of ocular components

A

Anomaly

20
Q

eye does not possess enough optical power for its axial length

A

Hyperopia

21
Q

Most common refractive error in children (most will not need optical correction)

A

Hyperopia

22
Q

Significant hyperopia is more likely to cause

A

Amblyopia

23
Q

Uncorrected hyperopia can cause:

A

Blurred vision
Amblyopia
Binocular dysfunction (strabismus)
Learning problems

24
Q

eye possess too much optical power for its axial length

A

Myopia

25
Q

2 types of childhood myopia

A

Congenital myopia & developmental myopia

26
Q

-5.00Dsph in a child 6y/o or less with history of signs associated with nearsightedness assessed by parents since early infancy

A

Congenital myopia

27
Q

presents at 7-10y/o with moderate degrees of myopia

A

Developmental myopia

28
Q

Acquired myopia

A

Developmental myopia

29
Q

caused by an irregularity on corneal surface

A

Astigmatism

30
Q

EOR differs between 2 eye, with 2D difference

A

Anisometropia

31
Q

Age-related changes in astigmatism: ATR at birth

A

“sagging” of the cornea of the still developing globe

32
Q

Age-related changes in astigmatism: WTR at preschool

A

Stiff upper tarsal plate exerting pressure on horizontal

33
Q

Age-related changes in astigmatism: ATR middle life and beyond

A

upper tarsal plate looses is rigidity

34
Q

unilateral or less often, bilateral, decrease in BCVA in an otherwise structurally normal eye

A

Amblyopia

35
Q

Types of Amblyopia

A

Visual deprivation
Strabismic amblyopia
Refractive amblyopia

36
Q

Type of amblyopia caused by complete or partial obstruction of the visual axis

A

Visual deprivation

37
Q

Type of amblyopia due to constant, non-altering, or unequally alternating tropias

A

Strabismic amblyopia

38
Q

Type of amblyopia due to untreated unilateral or bilateral EOR

A

Refractive amblyopia

Pediatric Optometry (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions