Module 8: Newborn assessment Flashcards
What is the APGAR and when should it be performed?
1min and 5min immediately following birth
The newborn’s immediate response to extrauterine life
Breathing rate, heart rate, muscle tone, reflexes, and skin color
Each category scored 0 or 1 or 2
Higher score =less intervention needed
What position and preparation is needed to perform the apgar?
The infant is supine on a warming table or examination table with an overhead heating element. The infant may be nude except for a diaper over a boy.
What vital signs do you assess?
Pulse, respiration, and temperature
What is the normal range for HR?
120-160
What is the normal range for BP?
85/54
What is the normal range for respiratory rate?
30-60BPM
What is the normal axillary temp?
36-37.9
What is the proper preparation for newborn assessment?
Timing - Best to assess 1 to 2 hours after being fed (trying for not too drowsy or too
hungry). When sleeping listen to the heart, lung, and abdominals
Warm and comfortable environment - overhead heating lamp
Non-verbal and verbal approach - Smile,
eye contact, warm hands and stethoscope,
smooth movement, soft voice
Clean hands and equipment
PPE if chance of bodily fluid exposure
Encourage parent and guardian presence
What is the proper positioning for newborn assessment?
Supine on a padded examination table
Parent/guardian’s chest
What does APGAR stand for?
Appearance (skin color) Pulse Grimace (reflex irratibility) Activity (muscle tone) Respiration
what vital signs to check for newborn assessment?
pulse
Respirations
temp
what is the normal range newborn respirations
30-60bmp
what is the normal range for newborn axillary temp?
36- 37.5
what is the normal range for newborn Bp?
85/54
what is the normal range for newborn HR?
120-160bmp
what is the landmark for auscultating the heart?
fourth intercostal - lateral to the midclavicular line
what is included in the measurement of newborn assessment?
Weight
Length
Head Circumference
Plot on growth curves, percentiles used
What is the avg newborn weight?
3400g
What is the avg newborn height?
50cm
What is the avg newborn head circumference?
34cm
what is the normal % of body weight a newborn can lose in the first few days?
10%
what is included in the general survey for newborn assessement?
Body symmetry Spontaneous postion Flexion of the head extremeties Movement Skin color Any obvious deformities Facial features Alert/response Strong cry
what are the normal findings of the hands and feet of the newborn?
cyanosis of hands and feet
what are the normal findings for abdomen of the newborn?
soft, protrudent abdomen
what are the normal findings of fontanelles and sutures? of the newborn?
- Diamond shape anterior
* Triangular shape posterior
what are the normal findings of fontanelles and sutures of the newborn?
- Diamond shape anterior
* Triangular shape posterior
what are the normal findings for vision of the newborn?
Ability to fixate on
moving objects about
20 to 25 cm from
faces
What reflexes are assessed?
sucking, rooting, grasping, yawning, coughing, sneezing, hiccupping, blinking, startling
what is a normal expectation for sleep?
Sleeping- almost
continuously for the
first 2 to 3 days
What is hyperbilirubinemia?
- Excessive bilirubin accumulates in the blood
- Infant immature liver is unable to balance the
destruction of RBCs with the use of or excretion of
byproducts
Can be toxic
Phototherapy
What are the 3 distinct components of the moro reflex?
Spreading out the arms (abduction)
Pulling the arms in (adduction)
Crying (usually)
