Medication admin: Opthalamic and nasal instillation

Question 1

Where is topical medication typically applied?

Answer 1

the skin or to mucous membranes in such areas as the eye, external ear canal, nose, vagina, and rectum.

Question 2

What implications does the skin’s thick outer layer serve?

Answer 2

not absorbed well, completely, or predictably when applied to intact skin because the skin’s thick outer layer serves as a natural barrier to drug diffusion.

Question 3

Percutaneous:

Answer 3

through the skin route of absorption

Question 4

Transdermal patch:

Answer 4

• administers sustained-action medications (e.g. nitroglycerin, nicotine) via multilayered films containing the drug and adhesive layer.
• lasts 12hrs to 1wk

Question 5

What percautions should the nurse take when applying a trandsdermal patch?

Answer 5

The nurse should wear gloves when applying a transdermal patch to avoid getting any of the medication on his or her skin, which can result in the nurse receiving the effect of the medication

Question 6

What should the nurse do before applying the patch?

Answer 6

• The transdermal patch should be dated, timed, and initialed by the nurse before it is applied to the client
• patient assessed for allergies

Question 7

What do skin applications include?

Answer 7

• ointments
• pastes
• creams
• lotions
• powders
• sprays
• patches

Question 8

What is the preparation for applying skin preparations?

Answer 8

o Before applying a dermatological preparation, thoroughly clean the area with soap and water, and dry the area by using a patting motion.
o Nurses should wear gloves when administering skin applications and always use surgical asepsis when an open would is present.

Question 9

What formation of opthalamic instillations are therE?

Answer 9

• liquids and oitments

Question 10

What are the necessary skin preparations for powders?

Answer 10

• Make sure the skin surface is dry.
• Spread apart any skinfold and sprinkle the site until the area is covered with a fine thin layer of powder. Cover the site with a dressing, if ordered.

Question 11

What are the necessary skin preparations for suspension-based lotions?

Answer 11

Shake the container before use. Put a small amount of lotion on a small gauze dressing or pad and apply the lotion to skin by stroking it evenly in the direction of the hair growth.

Question 12

What are the necessary skin preparations for Creams, ointments, pastes, and oil-based lotions?

Answer 12

Warm and soften the preparation in gloved hands. Spread it evenly over the skin by using long strokes that follow the direction of the hair growth. Explain that skin may feel somewhat greasy after application. Apply a sterile dressing, if ordered by the prescribing health care professional.

Question 13

What are the necessary skin preparations for transdermal patches?

Answer 13

• Ensure that all previous patches have been removed. - - - Select a clean, dry area that is free of hair and matches the manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Remove the patch from its protective covering, holding it without touching the adhesive edges, and apply it by pressing firmly with the palm of the hand for about 10 seconds.
• Advise the client to avoid using a heating pad over the area.
• Remove the patch at the appropriate time, folding the medicated side to the inside so that it is covered.

Question 14

What is external auditory canal medication administration referred to as?

Answer 14

Otic Instillation

Question 15

Why are otic instillations generally performed?

Answer 15

for cleaning purposes

Question 16

What percautions should be applied when doing otic instillations?

Answer 16

o Irrigations performed in a hospital require aseptic technique so that microorganisms are not introduced into the ear.
o Sterile technique is used if the eardrum is perforated.

Question 17

What for do nasal medications come in?

Answer 17

nose drops and sprays

Question 18

Why are nasal medications usually performed?

Answer 18

• astringent effect: shrink swollen mucous membranse
• losen secretions and facilitate drainage
• treat infections of the nasal cavity or sinuses

Question 19

What position should the patient be in for nasal spray administration?

Answer 19

• seated: 90degree full fowler
• head tilted back
• the client holds the tip of the container just inside the nares and inhales as the spray enters the nasal passages.

Question 20

what preparation of the eye is needed before instilling eye drops?

Answer 20

• Gently cleanse the eye from the inner canthus to the outer canthus to remove crusting
Ask patient

Question 21

Which hand should you have the clean tissue?

Answer 21

non-dominant hand

Question 22

What is systemic affect?

Answer 22

whole body is affected

Question 23

what should you do if the eye med has a systemic affect?

Answer 23

• If medication is known to have systemic effect, affect gentle pressure to the lacrimal duct with a tissue for 30 to 60 seconds