🧬 • Module 8 : Human Population Flashcards
What is population density?
The number of people living per unit area (ex. people per km²)
What is population distribution?
How people are spread across a region or the world.
What are the stages of the population growth curve?
Lag phase, exponential (log) phase, carrying capacity (stable phase).
What factors affect birth rates?
Healthcare, education, contraception, cultural norms, government policies.
What factors affect death rates?
Healthcare, sanitation, nutrition, wars, natural disasters, diseases.
What factors influence migration?
Job opportunities, safety, environmental conditions, political stability.
What are MEDCs?
More Economically Developed Countries with high income, industrialization, good healthcare, and high living standards (ex. USA, Germany).
What are LEDCs?
Less Economically Developed Countries with low income, less industrialization, poorer healthcare, and lower living standards (ex. Chad, Bangladesh).
How do population pyramids differ between MEDCs and LEDCs?
MEDCs have an aging population with a narrower base, while LEDCs have a wider base due to high birth rates.
What is family planning?
Providing contraception and education to control birth rates.
How does education help manage population growth?
Educated people tend to have fewer children and better family planning.
What is a pronatalist policy?
A government policy encouraging people to have more children (ex. France’s incentives for families).
What is an antinatalist policy?
A policy that discourages high birth rates (ex. China’s former one-child policy).
What are key indicators of quality of life?
Life expectancy, literacy rate, GDP per capita, access to healthcare, and infant mortality rate.
Why is life expectancy an important indicator?
It reflects healthcare quality, nutrition, and overall well-being in a country.
What are common economic challenges in LEDCs?
High poverty rates, low wages, reliance on agriculture, and lack of investment.
How does poor infrastructure affect LEDCs?
Limited roads, electricity, and clean water supply make development difficult.
How does rapid population growth impact LEDCs?
It strains resources, leads to unemployment, and increases pressure on services.
