Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SSEH2260 Final Exam > Module 8 > Flashcards

Module 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Regular Body Temperature for human

A

range of 36.1 to 37.8 degrees celsius

usually 37 degrees celsius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Homeotherms

A

organisms that maintain constant temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what causes heat gain?

A
  • BMR
  • muscular activity
  • hormones
  • thermic effect of food
  • postural changes
  • environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what causes heat loss

A
  • radiation
  • conduction
  • convection
  • evaporation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 factors causing heat gain

A
  1. metabolism
  2. environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

conduction

A
  • Temperature gradient between skin and surfaces (greater gradient = greater heat loss)
  • Thermal qualities of surfaces (e.g. Water absorbing heat faster than air)

heat transfer via contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Convection

A
  • lost through air/gas
  • wind cooling person off for instance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

radiation

A

energy from fire radiating out to boil water (EMG waves)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

evaporation

A
  • water vapour from perspiration
  • sweating (20% heat loss at rest)
  • must evaporate for heat transfer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Heat loss at rest

%

A

60% through radiation and 40% through conduction, convection and evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What temperature can cause brain death and death?

A

41 degrees brain death and 45 degrees guaranteed death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 factors that activate hypothalamus

A
  1. input from thermal receptors in skin
  2. change in blood temperature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Process when body temp increases

A
  1. Body temperature exceeds 37 degrees
    1. Impulses sent to hypothalamus
    2. Vasodilation in skin where BVs cause heat loss through skin
    3. Sweat glands become more active increasing evaporate heat loss
  2. Decreased temperature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Metabolism impact on exercise

how much heat is generated compared to rest

A

15 fold increase of heat production

muscle -> core -> skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Skin to Environment depends on

A
  • temperature gradient (radiative and conductive heat loss)
  • rate of evaporation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens if ambient temperature exceeds core temperature

A

conduction, convection and readiation cause heat gain
- therefore high ambient temperature = evaporation only effective means of heat loss

17
Q

Heat Loss at Exercise

A

Intense = 80% evaporative sweat loss
- Higher SA = higher convection/evaporation
- Higher temperature = higher sweating
- Convection improves evaporation
- relative humidity of air (high RH impedes evaporation)

do not wipe off skin (only counts as heat loss once evaporated)

18
Q

Relative Humidity (RH)

A

amount of water in ambient air compared to total quantity of moisture that air can hold

must be lower than moist skin for evaporation to occur

19
Q

What happens to working muscles when blood is diverted to skin?

A
  • less fuel (O2)
  • greater dependance on anaerobic metabolism and accumulation of H+
  • greater glycogen use
  • Reduced ventilation
    Impaired exercise and premature fatigue
20
Q

During supine heat stress, skin can receive

A

7-8 L/min

21
Q

Untrained person’s max Q

A

25 L/min

22
Q

Cardiac Output during heat stress

A

15-25% of Q passes through skin (BVs near skin)

vasodilation = flushed appearance (increase in cutaneous blood flow)

23
Q

Response to prolonged exercise in heat

Look at Frank Starling Curve

A

SV gradually decreases and HR gradually increases

blood flow redirected to skin and plasma volume decreases

decreased venous return, EDV, SV

24
Q

How much sweat can be lost during intense exercise

A

3 L per hour (10-15% loss in BW in 2 hours)

25
Q

Cardiovascular Drift (again!?)

A

lower SV and higher HR to maintain cardiac output

26
Q

Minimise effects of heat (athletes)

A
  • bench rotaiton
  • cool rooms and spray players during breaks
  • ice slushies and jackets
26
Q

Heavy and Prolonged Exercise

A
  • blood volume reduced via sweating
  • Blood diverted away from periphery back to core and muscles (body unable to cool itself)
  • Core temperature soars
27
Q

Hyponatraemia

A

excess H2O intake during long events = drink salty drinks

27
Q

Fluid replacement pre, during and post exercise

A

400-600 mL H2O 60 mins prior

150mL per 15-20 minutes

consume beyond thirst + drink salty drinks (sports drinks) to drive thirst
- 1 1/2x sweat loss
- sports drinks: replace electrolytes (Na+ and K+ as it is lost during exercise)

28
Q

CHO intake post exercise

A

1st 2 hours post exercise for glycogen repletion

29
Q

Heat Acclimitisastion

A

several days of activity in hot environment will lead to improved heat tolerance and performance
- increased in plasma volume
- decreased resting core temperature
- increased in sweat rate
- NACL content of sweat decrease

lasts for several weeks

SSEH2260 Final Exam (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions