Module 7A dIN Flashcards
Nurse/Physician Initiated Interventions. - - Constipation
• Laxatives/Enema (only if needed)
• Increase fiber
• Encourage fluid intake (Warm beverages)
• Exercise regularly
• Establish a regular time to defecate (Don’t delay urges)
- Fetal Impaction
• Laxatives/Enema
• Digital Removal of Stool (Noted clay-colored stool)
Nurse/Physician Initiated Interventions
- Diarrhea
•
Anti-diarrheal agents (Contra-indicated for infectious diarrhea) • Flagyl, Vancomycin & Dificid with C-diff infection) (Rarely used to treat acute diarrhea) • Oral Glucose & Electrolytes • Endoscopy & Colonoscopy - Flatulence • Decrease use of straw • Change diet
NO ppts for Dino watch his videos!
Identify factors affecting bowel elimination
Age
Diet
Exercise
Medication
Discuss bowel elimination changes related to older adults
Muscle tone in the bowel and abdominal muscles weaken
Prostate problems for men
Malabsorption
Slower metabolism can cause constipation
Describe characteristics of normal and abnormal stool
Normal Brown color Pungent odor Soft, formed consistency Daily or 2-3x a week 150g/day Resembles diameter of rectum shape Abnormal White, clay, black, red or pale color Noxious odor Liquid or hard consistency narrow/ pencil shaped Black/tarry stools are called Melena (mentioned in lecture recording)
Create a care plan for a patient with constipation and diarrhea
For constipation laxatives/enema Increase fiber Food high in fiber; cereals with raisin bran Encourage fluid intake Exercise regularly Establish regular time to defecate digital removal of stool Anti-diarrheals PO glucose and electrolytes Endoscopy and colonoscopy Change diet Decrease use of straws
For urinary incontinence
Assess
For urinary incontinence
Assess impairments that can hinder ability to get to the bathroom
Encourage avoiding caffeine, alcohol and carbonated drinks
Assess signs of infection
Assess bladder distention
Develop voiding schedule
Assess for skin breakdown
Monitor for signs of UTI
Lower: symptoms in bladder, cystitis, frequent urination with pain (dysuria), dark, cloudy tinged
Upper: pyelonephritis, fever- only in upper, N/V, CVA tenderness, systemic symptoms; high temperature i.e. fever, can see symptoms of lower UTI can be seen in upper UTI
Create a care plan for a patient with impaired urinary elimination, urinary retention and urinary incontinence
For urinary retention
Create a care plan for a patient with impaired urinary elimination, urinary retention and urinary incontinence For urinary retention Assess pt bladder fullness Encourage fluids Monitor Is and Os Monitor for s/s of UTI Lower: symptoms in bladder, cystitis, Upper: pyelonephritis, fever- only in upper, N/V, CVA tenderness, systemic symptoms - kidneys symptoms
Describe characteristics of normal and abnormal urine
Normal clear/ pale yellow color Slightly aromatic/ ammonia odor Specific gravity 1.001-1.035 Abnormal red-red/brown color Cloudy Veggies can change smell acetone/fruity odor
Discuss urinary elimination changes related to older adults
Bladder muscles weaken
For women, urethra shortens and becomes thinner
Prostate problems for men
