Module 7: Urinary & Bowel Elimination

Question 1

What is the function of the kidneys in the urinary system?

Answer 1

Remove waste from the blood to form urine

Question 2

What is the function of the ureters?

Answer 2

Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 3

What is the function of the bladder?

Answer 3

Reservoir for your until the urge to urinate develops

Question 4

What is the function of the urethra?

Answer 4

Urine travels from the bladder that exits through the urethral meatus

Question 5

What is micturition?

Answer 5

Act of passing your voluntary through the urethra

Question 6

What is oliguria?

Answer 6

Diminished capacity to form and pass urine

Question 7

What is an anuria ?

Answer 7

Cessation of urine production

Question 8

Dysuria?

Answer 8

Painful or difficult urination

Question 9

What is hematuria?

Answer 9

Abnormal presence of blood in the urine

Question 10

What is nocturia?

Answer 10

Urination at night

Question 11

What is retention?

Answer 11

Accumulation of urine in the bladder as a result of the inability to empty

Question 12

In adults, the first urge to void is usually felt when there is how many millilitres of urine accumulated?

Answer 12

250 - 300 mL

Question 13

Continued episodes of incontinence create the potential for

Answer 13

Skin breakdown

Question 14

What are the four most common alterations in urinary elimination?

Answer 14

Infection
Overactive bladder
Impaired contractibility
Obstruction to urine outflow

Question 15

If left untreated urinary tract infections can spread to the________causing a_______

Answer 15

Upper tract, kidney infection

Question 16

Identify the most common causes of UTIs

Answer 16

Sexual activity, pregnancy, diaphragm or spermicide use, and low vaginal estrogen levels

Question 17

list 5 signs or symptoms of UTI’s

Answer 17

Fever 
chills 
nausea 
vomiting 
malaise

Question 18

What is transient urinary incontinence?

Answer 18

urine loss resulting from causes outside of or affecting the urinary system, that results when the underlying causes are treated

Question 19

What is urgency urinary incontinence?

Answer 19

Urine loss associated with or immediately preceded by a sudden and urgent need to void that cannot be postponed. Can be part of overactive bladder syndrome

Question 20

What is stress UI?

Answer 20

Urine loss resulting from increased intra-abdominal pressure (ie. coughing, sneezing)

Question 21

What is reflex UI/mixed UI?

Answer 21

Urine loss that has features of the stress and urge incontinence (Larger amounts of urine leakage with little to no warning)

Question 22

What is overflow UI?

Answer 22

Involuntary loss of urine when the bladder does not completely empty with a high residual urine volume or a palpable non-painful bladder remaining after voiding

Question 23

What is functional UI?

Answer 23

Urine in lost due to inability to reach the toilet

Question 24

What is total incontinence?

Answer 24

The continuous and total loss of urinary control

Question 25

Is a urinary tract considered to be sterile or not sterile

Answer 25

Sterile

Question 26

What is the normal urine output for an adult?

Answer 26

1500 to 1600 mL of urine daily

Question 27

Name three factors that affect your urination

Answer 27

Growth and development Psychological and cultural Pathophysical

Question 28

What are the four types of urine specimen collection?

Answer 28

Random specimen clean – voided or midstream specimen catheter specimen timed urine specimen

Question 29

What should you assess for urinary elimination problems?

Answer 29

``` Skin Mucous membranes kidneys Bladder perineum ```

Question 30

What is peristalsis?

Answer 30

Series of involuntary wave like muscle contractions that move food

Question 31

What are three interventions to help defaecation when using a bedpan?

Answer 31

Patient bed elevated 30° Place small pillow a roll towel at lumbar curve Raise knees

Question 32

What is a stoma and what is it constructed from?

Answer 32

Opening in abdominal wall, constructed from a section of colon or small intestine

Question 33

What is an ileostomy?

Answer 33

An opening in the ileal portion of the small intestine