Module 7: Renal Physiology

Question 1

site of glomerular filtration

Answer 1

renal corpuscle

Question 2

site of reabsorption and secretion

Answer 2

bowman’s capsule

Question 3

establishes the hyperosmotic medullary gradient

Answer 3

loop of henle

Question 4

bulk reabsorption of solutes and water

Answer 4

proximal tubule

Question 5

fine-tuning of solute reabsorption/secretion

Answer 5

distal tubule and cortical collecting duct

Question 6

movement of a substance from the tubule to the peritubular capillaries

Answer 6

basic renal process of tubular reabsorption

Question 7

movement of a substance from the peritubular capillaries to the tubule

Answer 7

basic renal process of tubule secretion

Question 8

filtration of plasma from glomerular capillaries into bowman’s space

Answer 8

basic renal process of glomerular filtration

Question 9

mechanisms of tubular reabsorption

Answer 9

diffusion down concentration gradient
mediated transport

Question 10

movement into interstitial fluid along concentration gradient
movement from interstitial fluid to blood by bulk flow or diffusion

Answer 10

diffusion down concentration gradient

Question 11

requires active transport and energy
1 degree transcellular

Answer 11

mediated transport

Question 12

types of mediated transport

Answer 12

Na/K - ATPase
Na/glucose
Na/AA Co-transport

Question 13

Na tubular reabsorption is an example of

Answer 13

active transport

Question 14

maximum amount of material that can be transported per unit time
occurs when binding sites on transport protein are saturated

Answer 14

transport maximum

Question 15

secondary active transport or water soluble vitamin are examples of

Answer 15

transport maximum

Question 16

dilation of the efferent arteriole causes DECREASED glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by

Answer 16

decreasing glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure

Question 17

substance that is freely filtered, not reabsorbed and not secreted

Answer 17

inulin

Question 18

substance that is freely filtered, not reabsorbed and not secreted can be used to determine the
following normal renal function value

Answer 18

125mL/min glomerular filtration

mL/min!!!!

Question 19

substance that is freely filtered and 100% secreted

Answer 19

creatinine

Question 20

substance that is freely filtered and 100% secreted measures which of the following renal functional
parameters

Answer 20

renal plasma flow

Question 21

key factor necessary for the generation of hyperosmotic urine by the countercurrent
multiplier system

Answer 21

active transport of sodium in the ascending limb of the loop of henle

Question 22

renal hormone responsible for the formation of Angiotensin I

Answer 22

renin

Question 23

steroid hormone made by the adrenal cortex, helps control the balance of water and salts in the kidney by keeping sodium in and releasing potassium from the body

Answer 23

aldosterone

Question 24

controls na+ absorption

Answer 24

aldosterone
ANP at tubules

Question 25

directly alters aldosterone secretion

Answer 25

angiotensin II

Question 26

water is reabsorbed in

Answer 26

proximal tubule descending limb of loop of hence ureter

Question 27

water is NOT reabsorbed in

Answer 27

ascending limb of loop of hence

Question 28

production of hypoosmotic (dilute) urine requires

Answer 28

low vasopressin

Question 29

results from decreased solute reabsorption, decreased water reabsorption, increased solute excretion

Answer 29

osmotic diuresis

Question 30

the HCO3- buffering system is highly effective because

Answer 30

the elimination of CO2 in the lungs

Question 31

is compensated by decreasing HCO3- recovery

Answer 31

respiratory alkalosis

Question 32

will cause a pH <7.4

Answer 32

hyporventilation