Module 7: Overconfidence & Motivated Memories Flashcards
System 1
The intuitive, automatic, unconscious, and fast way of thinking
System 2
The deliberate, controlled, conscious, and slower way of thinking.
Automatic processing
“Implicit”thinking that is effortless, habitual, and without awareness; roughly corresponds to “intuition.
-System 1
Controlled processing
“Explicit” thinking that is deliberate, reflective, and conscious.
-system 2
Overconfidence Phenomenon
The tendency to be more confident than correct- to overestimate the accuracy of one’s beliefs.
Confirmation Bias
A tendency to search for information that confirms one’s preconceptions
Overconfident
Igor “I am always wrong”
They are confident that they are wrong
Overconfidence
Your mean (average) confidence level is greater than your percent correct
Example of studying
Because something makes sense you will think that you know it , so then you won’t study like you should and then you will fail
Statically significant
It is relatively unlikely to occur purely by chance
Example of statically significant
Flip a quarter for 15 times and get heads
- likely by chance it could happen “special powers”
What are flops?
Coincidences
Do people believe in floods?
Yes
Ex: coin example
Social psychology is about?
Individuals
What is the example of social psych?
Class introduce to the camera
Is is actually the imply presence of others
Definition of Social Psych
Real imagine or imply presence of others affect what you think, feel and do
Are we ethios believers in this class?
NO
What is ethios?
God does not exist
Ateos
What is agnostic?
I need evidence
I don’t believe anything without evidence (science)
Comes from observable phenomenon
What are Believers?
Gods definitely exist
What is observable phenomenon?
Concrete evidence
What is the Myers breaks?
Personality measure where on dating sites they match you according to your personality
- you believe it because it makes sense
Things that make sense are good enough for you to?
Believe it
Ex: myth of opposites attract
THERE IS NO EVIDENCE
Who wins? Things that make sense and “sound” right or evidence?
Evidence
What is validity?
The conclusion follows from the premises(assumptions)
An argument is valid if the conclusions follow from the assumptions
What are premises?
Assumptions
What is a sound argument?
When that turns out to be TRUE. Those assumptions are correct
What is an example of a sound argument?
Women are the weaker sex they are emotionally unstable
Leaders should have stability and not be affected by their emotions
Therefore women should not be leaders
Is the example of a sound argument valid?
Yes because we assume that.
But there is no evidence
What is psychology?
Form of philosophy
Empirical philosophy
What is empirical?
Based on evidence/concrete an observable
Should you be overconfident?
No because everything will make sense
What are barnum statements?
Are statements that are so vague that anybody can make sense of them in whatever way they want (predictions)
What is an example of Barnum statements?
Horoscopes
What is confirmation bias? (In class)
Phenomenon in which humans naturally think about info that confirms what they were told
- Searching every single reason they think what they were told is true
What is introversion/extroversion ?
Is one of the few things that these personalities measures take that actually have some soundness to it (evidence) to suggest that it does predict behavior.
What is therapeutic touch?
Healing with no touch just by believing . “Energy” to heal
Who believes and practices more the therapeutic touch ?
Nurses
What was the 9 year old girl experiment?
People not looking and sensing in their hands the “energy” of the hand
Sensing the human “energy”
In experiments we expect for you to be right 50%
What is the ethnicity experiment ? (In class)
If you are the minority by virtue you are 12% and you are also more salient
What is salient?
Saliente
Destacado
What is the definition of salient? (In class)
Noticed every “clown” if I am aware or obsess with them.
Overestimate things that are LOWER in number
Underestimate things that are HIGHER in number (noticeable)
Humans tend to?
Overestimate
What is systematic observation?
Examination of behaviors too gain reliable data unbiased by the observer interpretation
What is operational definition?
Specifically defined
Everything that is not an operational definition
Does not mean is a barnum statement
In science we need to
Measure
Must things of what we do are
Automatic
Reconstruction
Have a schema of something and you are reconstructing and recreating a memory
Ex of reconstruction
Women on their period
What is blindsight
People can see, but they don’t know they can see
Ex cup to the blind guy
We do it automatically
(System 1)
