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Perio > Module 7 exam 2 > Flashcards

Module 7 exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are local contributing factors for periodontal disease?

A

oral conditons or habits that increase an individuals suceptibility to a perio infection

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2
Q

what is a disease site?

A

an individual tooth or specific surfaces of a tooth that are experiencing perio destruction

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3
Q

What is dental calculus?

A

mineralized bacterial plaque biofilm covered on its external surface by non mineralized living bacterial plaue biofilm

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4
Q

when does mineralizeaton of plaque biofilm occur?

A

48 hours up to 2 weeks after biofilm formation

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5
Q

What are the effects of calculus on the periodontium?

A

-surface of calc is irregular and is always covered with disease causing bacteria, as deposits accumulate they create more and more areas that are difficult or impossible to clean

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6
Q

What is the pathologic potential of calculus?>

A

There is always biofilm on top of calculs so it makes it difficult to bring gingivits or periodontitis under control in the presence of calculus

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7
Q

What is the percentage of inorganic calulus?

A

70-90%

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8
Q

what is inorganic calc made of?

A

calcium phosphate, some calcium carbonate nd mangesium phosphate

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9
Q

WHat is the percentage of organic material in calculus?

A

10 to 30%

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10
Q

What is the organic portion of calculus made up of?

A

materials from biofilm, dead epithelial cells, dead wbc

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11
Q

What are the forms of dental calculus?

A

brushite, octocalcium phosphate, hydroxyapetite

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12
Q

Newly formed calc deposits appear as a crystalline form called

A

brushite

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13
Q

In calc deposits that are a bit more mature but less than 6 months old they are called

A

octocalcium phosphate

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14
Q

in mature calc deposits that are more than 6 months old they crystalline form is

A

hydroxyapetite

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15
Q

What are some other terms that refer to supragingival calculus?

A

supramarginal calc, salivary calc

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16
Q

Where is supragingival calc usually found?

A

lingual of mand anterior teeth, buccal maxillary molars, teeth that are crowded or in malocclusion

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17
Q

How is supragingival calc shaped?

A

it can be in any shape, but are usually irregular large deposits

18
Q

What are the modes of attachment of dental calculus to the tooth?

A
  • attachment by means of the pellicle
  • attachment to irregularities in the tooth surface
  • attachment by direct contact of the calcified component and the tooth surface
19
Q

what is attachment by direct contact of the calcifed componenet and the tooth surface of calculus?

A

matrix of the calc is interlocked with the inorganic crystals of the tooth

20
Q

Do dental caries increase biofilm retention?

A

yes, caries can cause defects and can act as a protected environment

21
Q

Naturally occuring developmental grooves and concavities in tooth surfaces frequently lead to difficulty in self care and can be a contributing factor for gingivitis and perio because of

A

increased plaque biofilm retention at the site

22
Q

what is a palatogingival groove?

A

a groove that forms in development on some incisor teeth most frequently seen on maxillary lateral incisors

23
Q

What is pathogenicity

A

ability of a disease causing agent to actually produce the disease

24
Q

what is plaque biofilm pathogenicity

A

ability of the bacteria in the dental plaque to produce periodontal disease

25
Q

as plaque biofilm matures it becomes _____ pathogenic

A

more

26
Q

What are some local factors that cause direct damage to the periodontium?

A
  • food impaction
  • patient habits
  • tongue thrusting
  • faulty restorations and appliances
  • direct damage from occlusal forces
27
Q

how does food impaction cause direct damage to the periodontium?

A
  • alterations in gingival contour making difficult to clean

- in suclus can force gingival tissues away from tooth surface, contriubute to breakdown, serve as nutrients for decay

28
Q

how can the improper use of biofilm control aids result in direct damage?

A

can alter natural contours of tissues

29
Q

how can tonge thrusting cause direct damage to periodontium

A
  • exerts lateral pressure against the teeth and may be traumatic to periodontium
30
Q

how does mouth breathing cause direct damage to the periodontium?

A

drys out gingival tissues in anterior region of the mouth

31
Q

How does inappropriate crown placement cause direct damage to the periodontium?

A

-when edges are too close to the margin and alveolar bone, closer than 2mm can result in resorbtion of alveolar bone

32
Q

How can improperly contoured restorations direcdtly damage the periodontium?

A

-inadequate space for interdental papilla or embrasure space

33
Q

how can faulty removable prosthesis cause direct damage to the periodontium?

A

-impinge on gingival tissue and favor biofilm acummulation

34
Q

how can there be direct damage to the periodontium from occlusal trauma?

A

-alveolar bone resorbtion can result

35
Q

what are some clinical signs of trauma from occlusion?

A
  • tooth mobility
  • sensitivity to pressure
  • migration of teeth
36
Q

what are some signs of occlusal trauma present on radiographs?

A

-enlarged, funnel shaped PDL, alveolar bone resorbtion

37
Q

What is primary trauma from occlusion?

A

excessive occlusal forces on sound periodontium

38
Q

What is secondary trauma from occlusion?

A

normal occlusal forces on an unhealthy periodontium previously weakened by periodontitis

39
Q

What are parafunctional occlusal forces?

A

result from tooth to tooth contact made when not in the act of eating which exert force on teeth and periodontium

40
Q

What are some examples of parafunctional occlusal forces?

A

-clenching, bruxism

Perio (11 decks)

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