Module #7 Cellular Reproduction and DNA Flashcards
Genetics
The science that studies how characteristics get passed from parent to offspring
Genetic Factors
The general guideline of traits determined by a person’s DNA
Environmental factors
Those “nonbiological” factors that are involved in a person’s surroundings such as the nature of the person’s parents, the person’s friends, and the person’s behavioral choices
Spiritual factors
The factors in a person’s life that are determined by the quality of his or her relationship with God
Gene
A section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or portion of protein, thereby causing a trait
Messenger RNA
The RNA that performs transcription
Anticodon
A three-nucleotide base sequence on tRNA
Codon
A sequence of three nucleotide bases on mRNA that refers to a specific amino acid
Chromosome
DNA coiled around and supported by proteins, found in the nucleus of the cell
Mitosis
A process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells
Interphase
The time interval between cellular reproduction
Mother Cell
A cell ready to begin reproduction, containing duplicated DNA and centrioles
Centromere
The region that joins two sister chromatids
Karyotype
The figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs
Diploid cell
A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs
Haploid Cell
A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair
Diploid Number 2n
The total number of chromosomes in a diploid cell
Haploid number n
The number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell
Meiosis
The process by which a diploid (2n) cell forms gametes (n)
Virus
A non-Cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics:
(1) It has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective protein coat
(2) It cannot reproduce on it’s own.
Antibodies
Specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents
Vaccine
A weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body’s production of antibodies which can aid in destroying the pathogen
Phases of Mitosis
Interphase (Not really) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase,
