Module 6 Stimulants

Question 1

amphetamine

Answer 1

Central nervous system stimulant medications, most by prescription but some are only distributed illicitly in the U.S.

Question 2

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer 2

A diagnosis ascribed to individuals exhibiting a specific constellation of behaviors that include the attention deficit disorder characteristics, as well as impulsivity and excessive activity, restlessness, and fidgeting, among others.

Question 3

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Answer 3

A part of the nervous system responsible for directing many involuntary bodily functions (e.g., breathing, heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity); it is comprised of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems that act in concert to maintain a state of homeostasis.

Question 4

cacao

Answer 4

Of the plant type used in producing cocoa, chocolate, and cocoa butter (used in making white chocolate); sometimes spelled cocoa (not to be confused with coca).

Question 5

caffeine

Answer 5

A stimulant compound naturally occurring in several types of plants around the world, including tea, coffee, and cacao/cocoa.

Question 6

coca

Answer 6

Referring to the plant type used in producing cocaine (not to be confused with cacao or cocoa).

Question 7

cocaine

Answer 7

A powdered stimulant substance produced from coca or produced synthetically, having both stimulant and anesthetic effects.

Question 8

crack

Answer 8

A crystal form of cocaine, as opposed to the powdered form.

Question 9

cross-sensitization

Answer 9

Drug sensitization developed to one substance through repeated use that carries over as sensitization to another substance despite its never having been used.

Question 10

cross-tolerance

Answer 10

Drug tolerance developed to one substance through repeated use that carries over as tolerance to another substance despite its never having been used.

Question 11

e-cigarette

Answer 11

A device designed to heat nicotine (or other substance) liquid by battery power rather than combustion (burning) as would be the case with traditional cigarettes.

Question 12

e-cigarette or vaping associated lung injury (EVALI)

Answer 12

The label assigned to a respiratory illness/symptom complex attributed to harm (or death) from using e-cigarettes/vaping products.

Question 13

epinephrine

Answer 13

A central nervous system neurotransmitter (sometimes called adrenaline) with stimulant effects on the autonomic nervous system and dopamine centers.

Question 14

homeostasis

Answer 14

The state of balance/equilibrium that systems attempt to achieve and maintain to preserve energy; generally, a healthy state in living organisms.

Question 15

methamphetamine

Answer 15

A synthetic form of amphetamine with longer-lasting effects; having some recognized medical uses, it is primarily produced, distributed, and used illicitly in the U.S.

Question 16

nicotine

Answer 16

The primary psychoactive (stimulant) component in tobacco, also may be produced in liquid or powdered form.

Question 17

norepinephrine

Answer 17

A central nervous system neurotransmitter (sometimes called noradrenaline) with effects on the autonomic nervous system.

Question 18

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 18

A component of the autonomic nervous system responsible, in part, for regaining a state of homeostasis following an event where the “fight or flight” response has been triggered.

Question 19

second-hand smoke

Answer 19

Vapors and residue exhaled by someone who is smoking tobacco products and inhaled by a person who is not smoking.

Question 20

sensitization

Answer 20

Repeated use of a substance leading to a decrease in tolerance–it takes less of the substance to produce the same effects previously experienced at higher doses.

Question 21

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 21

A component of the autonomic nervous system responsible, in part, for initiating a “fight or flight” response to trigger events.

Question 22

third-hand smoke

Answer 22

Smoke residue that accumulates on hard and soft surfaces (e.g., carpeting, furniture, car seats) in areas where someone has been smoking.

Question 23

tobacco

Answer 23

A specific type of nicotine-rich plant, the leaves of which are processed to make a variety of products (cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco).

Question 24

vaping

Answer 24

The use of electronic/e-cigarettes.