Module 6 Stimulants Flashcards

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1
Q

amphetamine

A

Central nervous system stimulant medications, most by prescription but some are only distributed illicitly in the U.S.

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2
Q

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

A diagnosis ascribed to individuals exhibiting a specific constellation of behaviors that include the attention deficit disorder characteristics, as well as impulsivity and excessive activity, restlessness, and fidgeting, among others.

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3
Q

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

A

A part of the nervous system responsible for directing many involuntary bodily functions (e.g., breathing, heart rate, digestion, and glandular activity); it is comprised of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems that act in concert to maintain a state of homeostasis.

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4
Q

cacao

A

Of the plant type used in producing cocoa, chocolate, and cocoa butter (used in making white chocolate); sometimes spelled cocoa (not to be confused with coca).

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5
Q

caffeine

A

A stimulant compound naturally occurring in several types of plants around the world, including tea, coffee, and cacao/cocoa.

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6
Q

coca

A

Referring to the plant type used in producing cocaine (not to be confused with cacao or cocoa).

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7
Q

cocaine

A

A powdered stimulant substance produced from coca or produced synthetically, having both stimulant and anesthetic effects.

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8
Q

crack

A

A crystal form of cocaine, as opposed to the powdered form.

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9
Q

cross-sensitization

A

Drug sensitization developed to one substance through repeated use that carries over as sensitization to another substance despite its never having been used.

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10
Q

cross-tolerance

A

Drug tolerance developed to one substance through repeated use that carries over as tolerance to another substance despite its never having been used.

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11
Q

e-cigarette

A

A device designed to heat nicotine (or other substance) liquid by battery power rather than combustion (burning) as would be the case with traditional cigarettes.

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12
Q

e-cigarette or vaping associated lung injury (EVALI)

A

The label assigned to a respiratory illness/symptom complex attributed to harm (or death) from using e-cigarettes/vaping products.

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13
Q

epinephrine

A

A central nervous system neurotransmitter (sometimes called adrenaline) with stimulant effects on the autonomic nervous system and dopamine centers.

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14
Q

homeostasis

A

The state of balance/equilibrium that systems attempt to achieve and maintain to preserve energy; generally, a healthy state in living organisms.

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15
Q

methamphetamine

A

A synthetic form of amphetamine with longer-lasting effects; having some recognized medical uses, it is primarily produced, distributed, and used illicitly in the U.S.

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16
Q

nicotine

A

The primary psychoactive (stimulant) component in tobacco, also may be produced in liquid or powdered form.

17
Q

norepinephrine

A

A central nervous system neurotransmitter (sometimes called noradrenaline) with effects on the autonomic nervous system.

18
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

A component of the autonomic nervous system responsible, in part, for regaining a state of homeostasis following an event where the “fight or flight” response has been triggered.

19
Q

second-hand smoke

A

Vapors and residue exhaled by someone who is smoking tobacco products and inhaled by a person who is not smoking.

20
Q

sensitization

A

Repeated use of a substance leading to a decrease in tolerance–it takes less of the substance to produce the same effects previously experienced at higher doses.

21
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

A component of the autonomic nervous system responsible, in part, for initiating a “fight or flight” response to trigger events.

22
Q

third-hand smoke

A

Smoke residue that accumulates on hard and soft surfaces (e.g., carpeting, furniture, car seats) in areas where someone has been smoking.

23
Q

tobacco

A

A specific type of nicotine-rich plant, the leaves of which are processed to make a variety of products (cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco).

24
Q

vaping

A

The use of electronic/e-cigarettes.