Module 6 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Flashcards
an ability to regulate internal conditions
regulation
the mechanism by which evolution occurs
natural selection
- the release of both sperm and eggs into an external environment
- does not require specialized structures
External Fertilization
retention of fertilized egg inside the body where development occurs and nourishment is received from the yolk of most fishes and birds
Oviparity
- production of eggs that develop within the mother’s body in which the eggs hatch within the mother for some time while eating unfertilized eggs for nourishment
- sharks and snakes
Ovoviviparity
development is within the female and nourishment is received directly from the mother through a placenta
Viviparity
release of mature eggs at the midpoint of a female cycle
ovulation
has male and female reproductive system
hermaphroditism
makes both sperm and eggs
can self reproduce through self fertilization
elagans
male to female
vice versa
sex reversals
an organism’s reproductive cells
Gametes
muscular, hollow tube that extends from the vaginal opening to the uterus
vagina
external part of the female reproductive organs
vulva
Two pairs of skin flaps
labia
a small sensory organ, is located toward the front of the vulva where the folds of the labia join
clitoris
the canal that carries pee from the bladder to the outside of the body
urethra
very thin piece of skin-like tissue
hymen
has strong, thick walls
the lower portion of the uterus, an organ of the female reproductive tract
cervix
upside-down pear, with a thick lining and muscular walls
uterus
are two oval-shaped organs that lie to the upper right and left of the uterus. They produce, store, and release eggs into the fallopian tubes in the process called ovulation
ovaries
connect the uterus to the ovaries
fallopian tubes
the organ used for urination and sexual intercourse. It has spongy tissue that can fill with blood to cause an erection. It contains the urethra, which carries both urine and semen.
Penis
this is a loose bag of skin that hangs outside the body, behind the penis. It holds the testes in place
Scrotum
these are a pair of egg-shaped glands that sit in the scrotum, on the outside of the body. They produce sperm and testosterone, which is the main male sex hormone.
Testes (or testicles)
this is a highly coiled tube that lies at the back of the testes.
All sperm from the testes must pass through the epididymis, where they mature and start to ‘swim’
Epididymis
this is a thick-walled tube joined to the epididymis.
It carries sperm from the epididymis up to the prostate gland and urethra.
Vas deferens
this is a walnut-sized gland that sits in the middle of the pelvis.
The urethra runs through the middle of it.
It produces the fluid secretions that support and nourish the sperm
Prostate gland
this is a tube that extends from the bladder to the external opening at the end of the penis. The urethra carries both urine and sperm.
Urethra
