MODULE 6: MOBILITY, POSITIONING, EXERCISE , AND FALLS Flashcards
WHAT IS EXERCISE?
physical activity meant to either condition body, use as a therappeutic measure, improve health or maintian fitness
WHAT ARE SOME METABOLIC EFFECTS OF EXERISE
- Increased basal metaboloic rate
- use of sugars and fatty acids
- increase triglyceride breakdown
- increased gastric motility
- increased heat production
WHAT ARE SOME RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF EXERCISE?
- increased resp rate and depth and quicker return to baseline
- improved ventilation
- decreased work of breathing
- improved diaphragmic excursion
WHAT ARE SOME CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF EXERCISE
- increase CO
- strenghthened cardiac muscle
- resting HR and BP is lower
- improved venous return
- improved morbidity and mortality
WHAT ARE SOME MUSCULOSKELETAL EFFECTS OF EXERCISE (MSK)
- imporved muscles tone
- increased joint mobility
- improved tolerance to physical activity
- protential increase in muscle mass
- decreased bone loss
WHAT ARE SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF EXERCISE
- treatment of depression
- improved tolerance to stress
- less illness
- improved sense of well-being
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ISOTONIC, ISOMETRIC, AND RESISTIVE ISOMETRIC EXERCISES
isotonic: muscle contraction and change of length
isometric: tensing muscles without moving
resistive isometric: contracting muscle while pushing against stationary object or resisting movement of object
WHAT ARE SOME BENEFITS/ LOWER RISKS OF ASSOCIATED WITH EXERCISE
HINT: 14
- mortality
- cardiovascular disease
- hypertension
- type 2 diabetes
- cancers
- anxiety
- depression
- dementia
- weight gain
- adverse lipid profile
- cognition
- quality of life
- physical function
- bone health
WHAT ARE SOME THINGS THAT AFFECT BONE HEALTH
- diet
- exercise
- sun exposure
- lifestyle
- supplements
- medical options
WHAT ARE SOME DEVELOPMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING E AND A IN INFANTS, TODDLERS, AND MIDDLE SCHOOLERS
E And A= excersise and activity
prolonged immbolity can delay gross motor skills, intellectual development, musculoskeletal development
so important that they move, this is a huge stage for bone growth
WHAT ARE SOME DEVELOPMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING E AND A IN ADOLSCENCE
think sports
may affect adolescent growth patterns and ability to gain independence, social isolation can occur
WHAT ARE SOME DEVELOPMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING E AND A IN ADULTS
- Physiologial systems at risk, changes may occur in family or social structures
WHAT ARE SOME DEVELOPMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING E AND A IN OLDER ADULTS
physical activity decreases, hormonal changes occcur, bone resorption is common. encourage as much self care as possible.
WHAT ARE SOME BEHAVIOURAL THINGS WE NEED TO CONSIDER REGARDING EXCERSISE AND ACTIVITY
HINT:6
- support by significant others and healthcare team
- knowledge of excersise and activity
- barriers to a program of exercise
- current exercise habits
- readiness to chane behaviour
- shaped by SDOH, adress potential barriers
WHAT ARE SOME ENVIRONMENTAL THINGS WE NEED TO CONSIDER REGARDING EXCERSISE AND ACTIVITY
- work sites
- health policy
- schools
- community
WHAT ARE SOME CULTURAL THINGS WE NEED TO CONSIDER REGARDING EXCERSISE AND ACTIVITY
- Culture shapes how people see and support physical activity
- congential abnormalities
- diorders of bones, joints, muscles
- CNS damage
- MSK trauma
- chronic diseases
WHAT ARE SOME EFFECTS ON THE
- RESPIRATORY
- CIRCULATORY
- INTEGUMENTARY
- MUSCOLOSKELETAL
- GASTROINTESTINAL
- GENITOURINARY
- PSYCHOSOCIAL
IN REGARDS TO EXCERISE
1) Decreased lung expansion, hypoventilation, bad gas exchange
2) decreased CO, venous pooling and peripheral edema, orthostatic hypotension
3) decreased delivery of O2 and nutrients to tissues, easy skin shearing during movement
4) reduced muscle mass and strength, impared joint mobility
5) decreased peristalsis, appetite, and fluid intake
6) Bladder infection from urinary stasis
7) depression, sleep disturbances, coping
WHAT IS ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION?
decrease in systolic pressure over 20 mm/hg when there is a quick change in standing position
- causes abrupt peripheral vasodilation without compensatory CO
- can occur with prolonged bedrest, older adults, hypovolemia and meds
WHATS SOME SUBJECTIVE DATA RELATED TO MSK
- **past medical history **(joints, ,muscles, bones)
- common conerns or injuries
- SDOH (lifestyle: functional assessment, behaviours: excersise, weight, meds, environment: employment and working conditions, genfer, culture, physical environment)
- age related changes: pediatrics, older adults, pregnancy, adolescence
WHAT ARE THE ELEMENTS OF THE PAIN ASSESSMENT
- O: ONSET: when did it start
- P: PROVOCATIVE/PALLIATIVE: better or worse
- Q: QUALITY: what does it feel like? describe?
- R: REGION: where? does it radiate or move?
- S: SEVERITY: 1-10
- T: TREATMENT/TIMING: what treatments have and havnt worked in the past
- U: UNDERSTANDING: what do you think is causing it
- V: VALUE: beleifs related to pain
WHAT ARE SOME OBJECTIVE PIECES OF DATA YOU CAN COLLECT
- inspection
- palpaiton
- percussion: touch skin with sharp thing
- auscultation: hearing to body sounds
- vitals
range of motion
muscle testing
WHAT ARE SOME IMPLEMENTATIONS YOU CAN DO?
health promotion: excercise
body mechanics: transfering
mobility: ROM, assistive devices
GO INTO DETAIL ABOUT HEALTH PROMOTION, WHAT SPECIFICALLY CAN YOU ASK THEM TO DO?
- importance of exercise
- walk on smooth surfaces
- balance rest and activity
- pace activtities and gradually increase speed and intensity
- don’t move joints past point of resistance or pain
- wear proper fitting non-slip shoes
WHAT ARE SOME DETAILS ON REPOSITIONING IMPLEMENTATIONS
- ongoing skin assessment
- alternate positions
- supports (and body allignment)
- qH2 minimum
- **AVOID TWISTING **
