Module 6 - Microbial Nutrition Flashcards
- Chapt. 11 Metabolic diversity and nutritional types - Chapt 3 Nutrient uptake - Chapt 7 Lab culture of cellular microbes
SA Define Biochemistry
The study of chemical reactions that occur in living systems
SA Name the four main biochemical molecules
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
SA Where are carbohydrates found
On the cell wall/plasma membrane
SA What is the main use for carbohydrates
Energy
SA Explain + give an example of a monosaccharide
Simple sugars made of 5-6 carbons such as glucose and fructose
SA Explain + give an example of a disaccharide
Two monosaccharides linked through glycosidic bonds such as lactose and sucrose
SA Explain + give an example of a polysaccharide
Polymers made of many linked monosaccharides such as starch and glycogen
T/F Lipids are soluble in water
False, lipids are very soluble in nonpolar solvents but rare in water
SA Name 3 types of lipids
Triacylglycerols (fats), phospholipids, steroids
SA Where are lipids used for
Components in the cell membrane + carbon and energy storage
SA What are proteins
Polymers of amino acids containing at least one amino group and one carboxyl group, linked by peptide bonds. They control nutrient flow and help many processes such as dna replication
SA How many types of amino acids are there + how do we differentiate them?
There are 20 amino acids, all identical with the exception of their “R group” on the central carbon which determines their properties.
SA Explain the 4 types of protein structure
Primary: Line of amino acids joined by peptide bonds
Secondary: Alpha helix or beta sheet, formed by hydeogen bonding
Tertiary: Coiling due to R group interactions
Quaternary: Two or more polypeptide chains associating with each other
T/F Enzymes are specific for substrates
True, specific substrates fit into enzymes like puzzle pieces
SA What are enzymes
Protein catalysts that control the rate of chemical reactions
