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AHA Quiz 2 > Module 6 - Head, Neck, Face (ENT) > Flashcards

Module 6 - Head, Neck, Face (ENT) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cranial bones?

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Occipital
  • Temporal
  • Ethmoid
  • Sphenmoid
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2
Q

What is the coronal structure?

A

Crowns of head from ear to ear

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3
Q

What is the sagittal suture?

A

Separates sides of head

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4
Q

What are the facial bones?

A
  • Nasal bone
  • Zygomatic bone
  • Maxilla
  • Mandible
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5
Q

Textbook definition of the Neck

A

Conduit passage of many structures

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6
Q

What are the main muscles of the neck?

A

Sternomastoid and Trapezius

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7
Q

What is the sternomastoid?

A

Divides each side of the neck into two triangles

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8
Q

What is the thyroid?

A
  • Endocrine gland
  • Synthesizes thyroxine
  • Regulates body functions (HR, weight, temperature, cholesterol)
  • “Adams Apple”
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9
Q

What are lymph-nodes?

A

Lymphatic tissue which filter lymph fluid - part of immunity

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10
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Choroid

A

Prevents light from reflecting internally and delivers blood to the retina

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11
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Ciliary

A

Controls thickness of lens

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12
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Lens

A

Focus

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13
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Iris

A

Controls amount of light that enters the eye

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14
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Pupil

A

Light accommodation and focuses images onto the retina

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15
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Retina

A

Visual center where images are changed into nerve impulses

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16
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Optic disc

A

Fibers from retina that form the optic nerve

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17
Q

What is pupillary light reflex?

A

Normal constriction of the pupil

  • Direct light reflex - one eye is exposed to light
  • Consensual light reflex - simultaneous constriction of other pupil
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18
Q

What is fixation?

A

Reflex direction of the eye toward an object that attract’s attention

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19
Q

What is accommodation?

A

Adaption of the eye for near vision - increases curvature of the lens

20
Q

Procedure for the Snellen eye chart

A
  • Well lit and placed at eye level
  • Client at 20 feet from chart
  • Client cover’s one eye (leave glasses/contacts on, unless they are reading glasses)
  • Read from largest to smallest line
21
Q

What is normal vision?

A

20/20

22
Q

At what vision indication do you refer to an ophthalmologist?

A

If vision is less then 20/30

23
Q

Anatomy of external ear

A
  • Auricle/Pinna (Cartilage/skin)
  • Auditory canal
  • Tympanic membrane (eardrum)
  • Middle ear (beginning of the Ossicles)
  • Annulus (outer fibrous rim of the drum)
24
Q

Anatomy of external nose

A
  • Bridge
  • Tip
  • Nares (oval openings)
  • Vestibule (inside nares)
  • Ala (wing of nose on either side)
  • Septum
25
Q

What are the Paranasal sinuses?

A

Air filled pockets in the cranium and are comprised of different sinuses which communicate with one another ie) Frontal, Maxilla, Ethmoid and Sphenoid

26
Q

Functions of the paranasal sinuses

A
  • Resonators for sound production
  • Provides mucus which drains in the nasal cavity
  • Lightens the weight of skull bones
27
Q

Types of paranasal sinuses

A
  • 2 Frontal sinuses
  • 2 Maxillary sinuses - cheekbone along the nasal cavity
  • Ethmoid sinuses - behind eye
  • Sphenoid sinuses - deep behind eye
28
Q

Anatomy of the oral cavity

A
  • Mouth
  • Lips
  • Teeth
  • Cheeks
  • Gums
  • Tongue
  • Anterior hard palate (bone)
29
Q

Health history: Head and Neck

A
  • Headaches
  • Head injuries
  • Dizziness
  • Pain
  • ROM
  • Lumps/swelling
  • History of injuries
30
Q

Health history: Eyes

A
  • Visual difficulties
  • Pain
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Discharge
  • Glasses/Contacts
  • Last exam
  • Coping
31
Q

Health history: Ears

A
  • Earaches
  • Infection
  • Discharge
  • Hearing loss
  • Environmental exposure
  • Tinnitus
  • Vertigo
  • Last Exam
32
Q

Health history: Nose

A
  • Discharge
  • Colds
  • Pain
  • Allergies
  • Altered smelling/breathing
33
Q

Health history: Mouth/Throat

A
  • Sores
  • Lesions
  • Pain
  • Bleeding gums
  • Sugar
  • Toothaches
  • Teeth grinding
  • Hoarseness
  • Dysphagia
  • Alcohol
  • Smoking
  • Sleep apnea
  • Altered tastes
34
Q

What should you inspect with the eyes?

A
  • Peripheral vision
  • Light reflex
  • Position
  • Stigmas
  • Structure (Eyeballs, Eyebrows, Eyelids, Eyelash)
35
Q

Abnormal findings of the eye

A
  • Decreased vision
  • Corneal abrasion (blunt eye injury)
  • Hyphema (blood in eye)
  • Phoria and Tropia (miss-alignment of the eyes)
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Iritis
  • Acute glaucoma
  • Subconjuctval hemorrhage
36
Q

Abnormal findings of the ear

A
  • Hearing loss
  • Frostbite
  • Swimmers ear (infection)
  • Ear deformities
  • Cellulitis
  • Cysts
  • Carcinoma
  • Keloid
37
Q

Abnormal findings of the inner ear

A
  • Foreign body
  • Polyps
  • Osteoma (hard nodule)
  • Excessive cerumen
  • Otitis externa (swelling)
38
Q

Abnormal findings of the mouth

A
  • Cleft lips
  • Carcinoma
  • Cysts
  • Tooth decay
  • Gingivitis
  • Tonsillitis
  • Black hairy tongue (Fungal infection)
  • Herpes Simplex 1
39
Q

Shape of head: Normocephalic

A

Round symmetrical head related to body size

40
Q

Shape of head: Microcephaly

A

Abnormally small head

41
Q

Shape of head: Macrocephaly

A

Abnormally large head

42
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Sclera

A

Outer layer and is a tough, protective, white covering

43
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Cornea

A

Outer layer and is very sensitive - corneal reflex

44
Q

Anatomy structures of the eye - Fovea Centralis

A

Middle layer and is the area for sharp and keen vision

45
Q

Abnormal findings of the nose

A
  • Foreign body
  • Perforated septum
  • Sinusitis
  • Allergies
  • Nose bleeds

AHA Quiz 2 (4 decks)

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