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AHA Quiz 2 > Module 5 - Skin, Hair, Nails > Flashcards

Module 5 - Skin, Hair, Nails Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue layers of the integumentary system

A
  • Epidermis
  • Dermis
  • Subcutaneous
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2
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A
  • Protection barrier - 1st line of defense - sweat, mucus, tears
  • Sensory
  • Adapts to environment
  • Absorption and excretion
  • Wound repair
  • Production of Vitamin D
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3
Q

What develops skin tone?

A

Melanocytes - Give skin their color through a pigment called melanin

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4
Q

Light skin produces..

A

Less melanin

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5
Q

Dark skin produces…

A

More melanin

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6
Q

Factors that can change skin colour

A
  • Inflammation
  • Infection
  • Allergies
  • Organ failure
  • Can be localized or all over
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7
Q

Types of skin tone changes

A
  • Red spots
  • Bruising
  • Flushing
  • Jaundice
  • Marble appearance
  • Mole
  • Cyanosis
  • Vitiligo
  • Petechiae (tiny red/purple spots)
  • Hypo-pigmentation
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8
Q

Health history information related to skin, hair and nails

A
  • History of skin disease
  • Change in pigmentation
  • Mole changes
  • Dry/moist skin
  • Rashes/lesions
  • Medication
  • Hair loss
  • Change in nails
  • Environmental/Occupational hazards
  • Self care behaviors
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9
Q

What are some Cultural and Social considerations regarding health history?

A
  • Recognition of manifestations of disease
  • Variation of skin pigmentation and hair texture
  • Genetics
  • Skin areas affected by hormones
  • Environmental adaptations - sweat glands
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10
Q

Differentiation between skin colours in various ethnic groups

A
  • Biological skin and mucus colour, hair colour/texture, height and weight vary in ethnic groups
  • Some skin is more sensitive then others
  • Genetic advantages to dark pigmentation with skin cancers
  • Some ethnic cultures skin is more adaptable to environmental changes
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11
Q

Factors for physical assessment of skin, hair and nails

A
  • Change
  • Inspection
  • Palpation
  • Lesions
  • Hair disorders
  • Nails - Capillary refill
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12
Q

Abnormal findings of skin -Colour

A
  • Changes in pigmentation
  • Jaundice
  • Pallor
  • Cyanosi
  • Moles
  • Birthmarks
  • Freckles
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13
Q

Abnormal findings of skin -Temperature

A
  • Inflammation/Infection
  • Fever
  • Allergic reactions
  • Environmental
  • Chemical
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14
Q

Abnormal findings of skin - Moisture

A
  • Dehydration
  • Excessive sweating
  • Dry/Cracked skin
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15
Q

Abnormal findings of skin - Texture

A
  • Thickness
  • Thinness
  • Loss of Elasticity
  • Dry
  • Flaked skin
  • Scaled skin
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16
Q

Abnormal findings of skin - Edema

A
  • Pitted Edema - Rating scale
  • Vascular
  • Bruising
  • Mobility and Turgor
17
Q

Abnormal findings of skin - Lesions

A
  • Pattern
  • Shape
  • Size
  • Location
  • Distribution
  • Colour
  • Exudation
18
Q

Types of Lesions

A
  • Primary
  • Secondary
  • Pubric
19
Q

What is a primary lesion?

A

Lesion that develops on unaltered skin

20
Q

What is a secondary lesion?

A

Changes over time due to disease progression

- Manipulation (rubbing, picking)

21
Q

What is a pubric lesion?

A

Red/purple spots on the skin that do not blanch

22
Q

Types of Primary lesions

A
  • Macule (Freckles)
  • Papule (Mole)
  • Plaque (Psoriasis)
  • Nodule
  • Tumour
  • Wheal (Allergic reaction)
  • Vesicle (HSV 1 , Shingles)
  • Cyst
  • Pustule (Acne)
23
Q

Types of Secondary lesions

A
  • Erosion (Shallow depression)
  • Fissure
  • Scale (Flaky skin)
  • Crust
  • Ulcer
  • Scar
  • Excoriation (Scratching abrasion)
  • Keloid (Elevated scar tissue)
24
Q

Normal findings of hair

A
  • Colour
  • Texture
  • Distribution
25
Q

Normal findings of nails

A

Shape/Contour - smooth, flat/curved

  • Nail edges - smooth/rounded
  • Smooth surface
  • Pink nail bed
  • Capillary return
26
Q

Abnormal findings of nails

A
  • Jagged nails
  • Bitten
  • Traumatized nail folds
  • Pits/grooves (nutrient deficiency)
  • Nail growth disturbance
  • Cyanosis
  • Brown streaks
  • Hemorrhages
  • Slow capillary return
27
Q

Abnormal findings of hair

A
  • Low melanin production
  • Dull coarse or brittle scalp
  • Broken hairs
  • Alopecia
  • Absence of pubic hair
  • Hirsutism
  • Head/Public lice
  • Crabs

AHA Quiz 2 (4 decks)

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