Module 6 - Cultural Management Practices as IPM strategies Flashcards
Precision agriculture
a management system that is information and technology based, is site specific, and uses one or more of the following sources of data (soils, nutrients, crops/yield, pests, moisture, or landscape/elevation) for optimum profitability, sustainability, and protection of the environment
what impacts plant disease development
crop stand and microenvironment
what is crop canopy affected by
soil properties, moisture, and fertility
Using _____ and ______, a field can be characterized into management units
GPS, GIS
what does GPS stand for
global positioning systems
what does GIS stand for
geographic information system
what are common management units based on
vegetation density, soil fertility, or slope position (topography)
t/f: disease presence can increase depending on where they are on the slope of a hill
t
how does tillage reduce disease
pathogen inoculum is reduced by burying infested residue or increasing rate of residue decomposition
what does tillage directly affect
physical/chemical properties of soil, soil environment, plant growth, populations of vectors of plant pathogens, and the viability of pathogens
what does tillage indirectly affect
alter fertilizer application, weed control, planting methods, planting date
what are some examples of diseases that were reduced by tillage
septoria leaf spot, tan spot, fusarium spp
what is an example of a disease that is not reduced by tillage
cochliobolus sativus
what has the biggest impact on crop diseases
the environment
benefits of no-till
reduced cost, reduced erosion, improved moisture conservation, improved soil health
what is the impact of burning and tillage on sclerotina stem rot and black leg
more ssr when burned, but no impact on on blackleg
no impact from tillage on ssr
how can different seeding times affect disease
may avoid disease by early seeding (many disease release spores in late spring early summer)
what do you need to know about disease in order to decide the best time to seed to avoid it
disease cycle and conditions optimum for disease development
for crown rust of oat, may avoid severe disease by seeding ______
early
for stripe rust in wheat , may avoid severe disease by seeding ______
late
how does seeding depth affect disease
increases opportunities for infection and disease development because of delayed emergence
common root rot of cereals has been found to be ______ at lower seeding depths
worse
how can you reduce foliar diseases with row spacing and seeding rate
lower seeding rate and larger row spacing helps increase air movement and reduce humidity/leaf surface wetness
buffer areas
should not put a field right by previous years stubble or same crop because of airborne movement of spores
