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Periodontology > Module 6 > Flashcards

Module 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Are innocuous bacteria species harmful?

A

NO

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2
Q

A _________ bacteria species CAN cause disease?

A

pathogenic

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3
Q

Gram _______ bacteria stain purple?

A

positive

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4
Q

Gram positive bacteria have a _______ cell membrane?

A

single-thick

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5
Q

Gram negative bacteria have a ______cell membrane?

A

double

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6
Q

What bacteria are associated with healthy periodontium and which are associated with tissue destruction?

A

positive- health

negative- tissue destruction

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7
Q

What is the difference between AEROBIC and ANAEROBIC bacteria?

A

Aerobic- need oxygen to live

Anaerobic- CAN’T live in presence of oxygen

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8
Q

Free floating bacteria are also known as?

A

planktonic

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9
Q

Bacteria that attach to each other as well as to surfaces are said to be living in a?

A

biofilm layer

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10
Q

A biofilm is a _____ film containing a _____ of bacteria?

A

living

community

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11
Q

Biofilm forms more rapidly on what kind of surface?

A

wet

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12
Q

___% of all diseases may be biofilm induced?

A

65%

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13
Q

What are the 3 stages of the biofilm life cycle?

A

Attach
Grow
Detach

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14
Q

A HEALTHY sulcus can have between _____ and _____ bacteria?

A

100

1,000

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15
Q

A HEALTHY sulcus is 75% gram _____ bacteria in what forms?

A

positive

rods and cocci

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16
Q

Does a healthy sulcus have motile or non-motile bacteria?

A

non-motile

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17
Q

A pocket that has GINGIVITIS can have between ______ and ______ bacteria?

A

1,000

100,000

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18
Q

What is the ratio of gram + and - bacteria in a CHRONIC GINGIVITIS sulcus?

A

50/50

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19
Q

A PERIO pocket can have between ______ and _______ bacteria and are ____% Gram negative _____ forms?

A

100,000
100,000,000
74%
motile

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20
Q

There are over _______ bacterial species in a perio pocket?

A

500

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21
Q

What 2 bacteria are known EARLY colonizers of biofilm?

A

Actinomyces Species

Streptococcus Species

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22
Q

Name 5 bacteria associated with PERIO.?

A 
A.A.
Fusobacterium Nucleatum
P. Gingivalis
T. Forsythia
Treponema Denticola
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23
Q

Periodontal Disease is a _______ Infection?

A

mixed bacterial

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24
Q

A. A. bacteria is strongly associated with _______ Perio and destruction of?

A

Aggressive

gingival connective tissue and bone

25
Q

What bacteria has the MOST significant microbial risk factor of Periodontal Disease?

A

T. Forsythia

26
Q

What Periodontal pathogen is found in low numbers in health and gingivitis also?

A

P. Gingivalis

27
Q

P. Gingivalis is associated with ______ of a disease and/or _____ of ______ after therapy?

A

recurrence
persistence
pockets

28
Q

P. Gingivalis inhibits ______ of _____ which induces an elevated host response?

A

migration

leukocytes

29
Q

What is the 1st phase of Biofilm Colonization?

A

Pellicle Formation

30
Q

How fast does pellicle form?

A

within minutes

31
Q

What is the pellicle composed of?

A

Salivary Glycoproteins and antibodies

32
Q

What are 2 main functions of the pellicle?

A

protect tooth from acid (good)

help bacteria adhere to tooth (bad)

33
Q

What is the 2nd phase of biofilm colonization?

A

Initial attachment of bacteria to pellicle

34
Q

How fast does the initial attachment of bacteria to the pellicle occur? How do the bacteria attach?

A

few hrs.

by hair like structures called fimbriae

35
Q

What is the 3rd phase of biofilm colonization?

A

Secondary Colonization

36
Q

What is the 4th phase of biofilm colonization?

A

Extracellular Slime layer and Micro-colony formation

37
Q

What is the “job” of the extracellular slime layer?

A

Anchors bacteria to tooth and helps protect the bacteria

38
Q

Microcolony formation grows by what process?

A

cell division (NOT more bacteria attaching)

39
Q

Microcolony formation results in a bacterial _______

A

bloom

40
Q

What is the 5th phase of biofilm colonization?

A

Mature Biofilm

41
Q

Mature Biofilm takes on the shape of a _______ and is attached to the surface by a _______?

A 
Mushroom
narrow base (pedunculated)
42
Q

What influences the SHAPE of biofilm colonies?

A

Fluid forces of saliva

43
Q

Fluid forces result in “__________” of biofilm which can infect new teeth?

A

extensions

44
Q

Fluid forces result in cell to cell _____ causing rapid gene _______ and enhancing the ______ and _____ of antimicrobials?

A

collisions
spreading
virulence
resistance

45
Q

What is the function of a fluid channel?

A

Bring nutrients and oxygen to the bacteria

Carry waste products away

46
Q

What is Coaggregation?

A

Cell-to-Cell adherence

47
Q

The 1st bacteria to colonize are important to?

A

bacterial succession (foundation of biofilm)

48
Q

The primary colonizers are gram ______ bacteria in what form?

A

positive

cocci

49
Q

Streptococcus Sanguis dominate the bacteria load after ____ hours?

A

24

50
Q

Gram _______ bacteria in what forms are considered the intermediate colonizers?

A

positive

rods and cocci

51
Q

T/F Gram - bactera have a GOOD ability to adhere to the tooth?

A

False- they have to adhere to gram + rods and cocci

52
Q

The bacterial layers closest to the soft tissues contain _____ and _______ types of bacteria?

A

spirochetes

flagella

53
Q

What bacterias are MOST detrimental to the periodontal tissues? Why?

A

Tissue-associated biofilm bacteria

They get through epithelium and into connective tissue and alveolar bone!

54
Q

What is the PRIMARY cause of Periodontal Destruction?

A

Host Response

55
Q

What is the MINOR cause of Periodontal Destruction?

A

Virulence of the bacteria in biofilm

56
Q

A.A. bacteria release what exotoxin?

Why is this important?

A

Leukotoxin

helps destroy WBC’s

57
Q

SUBgingival biofilm starts to mature between ____ to ______ after SUPRAgingival plaque starts to form?

A

3-12 wks

58
Q

Bacteria are capable of causing bone loss…However, the alveolar bone has to be less than ______mm away from the biofilm.

A

3

Periodontology (10 decks)

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