MODULE 6 Flashcards
Dietary Management of Common Medical Conditions (Part 1 & 2)
What are common food allergens?
Peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, eggs, milk, soy, fish, shellfish.
What is the gluten-free diet?
A diet that restricts gluten found in wheat, oats, rye, buckwheat, and barley. It’s indicated for celiac disease and non-tropical sprue.
What conditions require a lactose-free diet?
Colitis, Celiac disease, Crohn’s disease.
What is the dietary modification for peptic ulcers?
Reduce acid production, prevent heartburn, and decrease irritation. Foods allowed: whole grains, low-fat milk, lean meats, etc.
What foods are not allowed for peptic ulcers?
Croissants, biscuits, raw fruits and vegetables, whole milk, fried meats, alcoholic beverages, coffee, tea.
What are the dietary modifications for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)?
Low fat intake, decreased calorie intake, and avoiding large meals. Avoid irritants such as citrus juice, alcohol, carbonated beverages, mint, chocolate, and coffee.
What is the recommended diet for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Low fat intake and decreased calorie intake. Avoid citrus juice, alcohol, carbonated beverages, mint, chocolate, and coffee.
What is the dietary recommendation for chronic constipation?
High fiber intake and increased water intake.
What foods are allowed for liver and pancreatic disorders?
Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, non-dairy, and lean cuts of meat.
What dietary recommendations are made for Diabetes Mellitus?
Individualized diet, avoid concentrated sweets, and decrease calorie intake in obese patients.
What diet is recommended for anemia?
Increase iron intake with foods like liver, meats, egg yolk, iron-fortified products, dark green leafy vegetables, prunes, raisins, shellfish.
What foods should be avoided in thyroid-related disorders?
Goitrogens (such as raw cruciferous vegetables).
What are the key foods in a cholesterol and saturated fat-restricted diet for cardiovascular disorders?
Low fat milk products, egg whites, lean meats, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and vegetable oils.
What is the DASH diet and what does it help control?
The DASH diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, whole grains, poultry, fish, and nuts. It helps control mild and moderate hypertension.
What are the Philippine Heart Association guidelines for cardiovascular health?
Limit salt to < 6g/day, eat a variety of fruits and vegetables, avoid trans fats and saturated fats, avoid smoking, and control blood pressure.
What nutrients need to be managed in renal disorders?
Protein, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and fluids.
What dietary considerations are important for pulmonary disorders like COPD?
Emphasize complex carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats such as oils, avocados, nuts, and seeds. Ensure high intake of vitamins C, A, and E.
What dietary patterns reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease?
Lose excess weight, consume a plant-based diet, avoid charred or nitrate-preserved products, and limit alcohol and smoking.
What are the top environmental factors related to cancer development?
Obesity, low vegetable and fruit intake, physical inactivity, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake.
What is the recommended diet for individuals with HIV/AIDS?
A balanced diet high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes with lean, low-fat protein. Limit sugar, sweets, and salty foods.
What foods are allowed in a low-fat diet for cardiovascular health?
Low-fat milk products, egg whites, lean meats, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and vegetable oils.
What foods should be avoided in a diet for cardiovascular disorders?
High-fat, red meats, sweets, and sugar-containing beverages.
What is the DASH diet?
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) emphasizes fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, whole grains, poultry, fish, and nuts.
What is the sodium intake limit recommended by the Philippine Heart Association for cardiovascular health?
Less than 6g of salt per day (2400 mg sodium).
