Module 6 Flashcards
Ch. 18/19
What is Kinetic Energy
the energy of a moving object. (More speed- more energy is absorbed or transferred on impact)
Calculating Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy (KE)= mass x velocity2 /2
What is Injury Pattern
set of problems associated with a specific source of trauma
Define the Stopping Distance of an impact
amount of space necessary for kinetic energy to dissipate during an impact.
Solid Organs
Liver, Pancreas, Spleen, Kidney
Hollow Organs
Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Bladder
Types of Mechanism of Injury
1- Impact/blunt
2-Penetrating
3-Rotational
4-Crush
5-Blast
Impact/ Blunt Injury
kinetic energy is transmitted through, but does not break, the skin results in bruised tissues, internal bleeding, broken bones, and organ damage
Penetrating Injury
breaks the skin and damages underlying structures
Rotational Injuries
occur when energy is transmitted to the body in a twisting direction- turning an ankle while hiking, dislocating a shoulder after catching a ski pole on a tree branch, or twisting the lower leg and causing a spiral tibia fracture
Blast Injuries
caused by an explosive force and are divided into four categories: primary, secondary, tertiary, and miscellaneous (or quaternary) injuries
Trauma Centers
(ACS) designates each trauma center at one of five levels based on the specialization, complexity, and availability of care that the facility can accommodate
Golden Hour
The first hour following a life-threatening injury is a crucial period during which survival rates may be improved if critical injuries are identified and properly managed.
Closed Injuries
result in damage to structures beneath the skin or mucous membranes while the overlying skin surface remains intact.
Contusions
the epidermis, or outer layer of skin, is not disrupted, but cells within the dermis are injured and the smallest blood vessels are torn. Typically produced by a blunt force
Crush Injury
produced when an excessive force strikes the body/when a force is continuously applied to the body over an extended period. The resulting degree of tissue damage depends on several factors: the amount of force involved, the severity of the crushing, and the duration of the force applied.
Compartment Syndrome
damaged cell walls begin to leak fluid into the potential space that lies between them. If this resultant swelling, or edema, continues to expand within a large muscle’s connective tissue covering, the pressure within the tissues may increase to dangerous levels
DCAP-BTLS
deformity, contusions, abrasions/avulsions, punctures/penetrations, burns/bleeding/bruises, tenderness, lacerations, swelling
Superficial (1st degree burn)
burns epidermis- no blisters
Partial thickness (2nd degree burn)
Burns Epidermis and Dermis- blistering and wet appearence
Full thickness (3rd degree burn)
Burns Epidermis, Dermis and underlying tissues. Charred, white, dry
Full thickness Burn
Burns down to muscle and bone- appears black
Hemostatic Dressing
contains a topical hemostatic agent that promotes clotting.
occlusive dressing
used to cover sucking chest wounds and open neck wounds with an airtight layer of sterile Vaseline gauze, plastic cling wrap, or aluminum foil. For chest wound, seal only three sides to allow air to escape.
RISE(treatment)
Rest
Ice
Splint
Elevate
Ecchymosis
A bruise; discoloration of the skin associated with a closed wound; signifies bleeding within the skin.
Exsanguination
Massive blood loss resulting in death; the process of bleeding to death.
