MODULE 6 Flashcards
The field that investigates the cause of congenital defects.
Teratology
A _____ is that which causes birth defects.
Teratogen
Teratogen came from the Greek word “tera” which means?
Monster
Give the 5 hazards to Prenatal Development
- Prescription and non-prescription drugs inclusive of antibiotics
- Psychoactive drugs
- Environmental hazards
- Other maternal factors such as Rubella (German Measles), syphilis, genital herpes, AIDS, nutrition, high anxiety, stress, and age.
- Paternal Factors
What are the examples of harmful drugs?
Diet pills, aspirin, and coffe
Cocaine exposure during pre natal development is associated with what factors?
- Reduced birth weight
- Reduced length and head circumference
- Impaired motor development
- Impaired information processing
- Poor attention skills
What are the examples of psychoactive drugs?
- Nicotine
- Caffeine
- Illegal drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, heroin.
Heavy alcohol drinking results in _____ syndrome which is a cluster of abnormalities that appears in the children of mothers who drink alcohol a lot during pregnancy.
Fetal alcohol
Fetal and neonatal deaths are higher among _____ mothers.
Smoking
________ addicts deliver smaller than average sized babies with more incidence of toxemia, premature separation of placenta, retained placenta, hemorrhaging after birth, and breech deliveries.
Maternal heroine
Give examples of environmental hazards.
Radiation in job sites, x-rays, environmental pollutants, toxic wastes, and prolonged exposure to heat in saunas, and bath tubs.
Fathers exposed to _______ could have children with chromosomal abnormalities.
high radiation
Prolonged exposure to sauna or hut tubs raises the mother’s temperature creating ______ that may endanger the fetus, may interfer with cell division and may cause birth defects, or even fetal death.
Fever
Define the 3 ways that a mother can infect her child.
- During gestation across the placenta
- During delivery through contact with maternal blood or fluids
- Postpartum
Father’s exposure to lead, radiation, certain pesticides and petrochemicals may cause abnormalities in sperm that lead to _______ or diseases such as _________.
Miscarriage, childhood cancer
Human life begins from the moment of __________.
Conception
This is where the developing fetus from conception to 5 months goes through wherein the head grows more than the body.
Cephalocaudal trend
The same pattern occurs in the head area because the top parts of the head, the eyes, and brain, grow _____ than the lower parts such as jaw.
Faster
The ________ is the pre-natal growth from 5 months to birth when the fetus grows from the inside of the body outwards.
Proximodistal trend
This is the process by which the axons are covered and insulated by layers of fat cells, begins prenatally and continues after birth.
Myelination
True or False
After 6 months, breastfeed babies usually weight less than bottlefeed babies.
TRUE
Right after birth, breastfeed babies are heavier than bottlefeed babies
TRUE
What are the three prenatal development stages?
- Germinal Period
- Embryonic Period
- Fetal Period
When does germinal period happen?
On the first 2 weeks after conception
