Module 6 Flashcards
Three possible mixtures that may be obtained when non reacting substances are mixed
Coarse mixture, colloidal mixture, true solution
– the individual particles are distinguishable and mechanically separable
Coarse mixture
– apparently homogeneous, can also be mechanically
separable
Colloidal mixture
- this result to a homogeneous phase, cannot be separated by mechanical means
True solution
A solution consists of
solute and a solvent
―substance which is usually present in large excess or it is a substance in which solution takes place.
Solvent
― substance that dissolves
Solute
The solute is always a ___, and the solvent is a ____.
solid, liquid
With respect to solubility, the solutions are classified as
Saturated, unsaturated, supersaturated
– which contains as much solute as it can hold
Saturated
– which contains less than this amount of solute
Unsaturated
– which contains more than this amount
Supersaturated
How to determine the state of a solution with respect to saturation?
Introduce some of the dissolving substance; if solute dissolves, solution is unsaturated; if no further solubility takes place, solution is saturated; if precipitation takes place, solution is supersaturated.
Solutions can be subdivided to:
Solutions of Non – Electrolytes
Solutions of Electrolytes
These solutions have the tendency to dissociate into ions
Solutions of Electrolytes
In these solutions, the solute persists in its molecular form when dissolved by a solvent. They do not exhibit a tendency to dissociate into ions
Solutions of Non – Electrolytes
Factors that affect solubility:
- The nature of solute and solvent
- The temperature
- The pressure
If reaction is exothermic, solubility ______ as temperature increases.
decreases
If reaction is endothermic, solubility ______ as temperature increases
increases
Solutions can also be classified according to miscibility
Completely miscible
Completely immiscible
Partially miscible
Completely miscible - Example:
ethyl alcohol and water
Completely immiscible - Example:
oil and water
Partially miscible - Example:
water and ether
The colligative property that we refer here, depends only on
the number of particles in the solution and not in any way on the nature of these particles.
