Final (Chapter 13)

Question 1

are solutions that show good conductance and which indicate a high degree of dissociation

Answer 1

strong electrolytes

Question 2

solutions that exhibit only poor conductance and a low degree of dissociation

Answer 2

weak electrolytes

Question 3

states that the electrolytes will dissociate into electrically charged particles, called ions, in such a manner that the total charge of (+) ions is equal to the total charge (-) ions

Answer 3

Arrhenius Theory of Electrolytic Dissociation

Question 4

it states that each ion in the solution is surrounded by an ionic attraction whose net charge is opposite to that of the central ion

Answer 4

Debye-Huckel Theory of Interionic Attraction

Question 5

branch of physical chemistry that concerns with the interrelations between chemical phenomena and electricity.

Answer 5

electrochemistry

Question 6

the process of I passage through an electrolytic conductor with all the accompanying chemical and migratory changes

Answer 6

electrolysis

Question 7

non-conductors of electricity with high resistivity

Answer 7

dielectrics or insulators

Question 8

electrical resistance of a block of the material 1 cm in length and 1 cm^2 in cross section

Answer 8

specific resistivity

Question 9

kinds of electrodes

Answer 9

cathode, anode

Question 10

the electrode connected to the (-) side of the source of I by which electrons from this source enter the solution

Answer 10

cathode

Question 11

the electrode connected to the (+) side of a source of I through which the electrons leave the solution to return to the source

Answer 11

anode

Question 12

kinds of ions

Answer 12

anion, cation

Question 13

ions which migrate toward the anode

Answer 13

anion

Question 14

ions which migrate toward the cathode

Answer 14

cation

Question 15

two types of conductors

Answer 15

electronic conductor, electrolytic conductor

Question 16

conduction takes place by direct migration of electrons through the conductor under the influence of an applied potential

Answer 16

electronic conduction

Question 17

examples of electronic conduction

Answer 17

solid and molten metals and certain solid salts

Question 18

conduction takes place by migration of ions towards the (+) and (-) electrodes in the presence of a solution of electrolyte

Answer 18

electrolytic conductor

Question 19

resistance of electronic conductors (increases/decreases) with temperature

Answer 19

increases

Question 20

resistance of electrolytic conductors (increases/decreases) with increasing temperature

Answer 20

decreases

Question 21

reciprocal of the electrical resistance

Answer 21

electrolytic conductance

Question 22

van’t Hoff factor

Answer 22

i

Question 23

the ratio of the colligative effect produced by a concentration m of electrolyte divided by the effect observed for the same concentration of non-electrolye

Answer 23

van’t Hoff factor, i

Question 24

published a theory of interionic attraction in dilute solutions of electrolytes which occupies a dominant position in all considerations involving electrolytes and their kinetic and thermodynamic behavior

Answer 24

1923, P. Debye and E. Huckel

Question 25

in Debye-Huckel theory the effect of the concentration of the ions enters through a quantity called the

Answer 25

ionic strength

Question 26

the process of current passage through an electrolytic conductor with all the accompanying chemical and migratory changes is called

Answer 26

electrolysis

Question 27

found the mass of a substance involved in the reaction at the electrodes is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the solution

Answer 27

Michael Faraday (Faraday's first law of electrolysis)

Question 28

the masses of different substances produced during electrolysis are directly proportional to their equivalent weights

Answer 28

the second law of electrolysis

Question 29

_______ coulombs of electricity will yield one equivalent weight of any substance

Answer 29

96,487

Question 30

a solution which contains 1g mol per cubic dm of solution at 0 deg C

Answer 30

demal solution

Question 31

defined as the conductance of a volume of solution containing one equivalent weight of dissolved substance when placed between two parallel electrodes 1 cm apart, and large contain between them all of the solution

Answer 31

equivalent conductance

Question 32

equivalent conductances at infinite dilution for weak electrolytes are obtained by application of

Answer 32

Kohlrausch's law of independent migration of ions

Question 33

The conductance of all electrolytes increases/decreases with temperature

Answer 33

increases

Question 34

solutions exhibiting the property of opposing a change in their pH

Answer 34

buffer solutions

Question 35

any substance that yields hydrogen ions

Answer 35

acid

Question 36

any substance that yields hydroxyl ions

Answer 36

base

Question 37

any substance that can donate a proton to any other substance

Answer 37

acid

Question 38

any substance that can accept a proton

Answer 38

base

Question 39

water may act as both acid or base, depending on the conditions and the reaction, i.e., water is________

Answer 39

amphoteric

Question 40

any substance which donates a pair of electrons

Answer 40

base

Question 41

any substance which accepts a pair of electrons

Answer 41

acid

Question 42

tendency of salts when dissolved in water to react with the solvent and thereby reverse the neutralization process is called

Answer 42

hydrolysis

Question 43

four cases distinguished in considering the hydrolytic behavior of various salts

Answer 43

a. salts of strong acids and strong bases b. salts of weak acids and strong bases c. salts of strong acids and weak acids d. salts of weak acids and weak acids