Module 5.2

Question 1

A Psychologist, author and professor, who detailed the emergence of self-concept and asserted that the broad development changes observed across early childhood, later childhood and adolescence could be interpreted through piagetian framework.

Answer 1

Dr. Susan Harter

Question 2

According to her, a sense of self-worth is both a cognitive and social construction.

Answer 2

Dr. Susan Harter

Question 3

4 stages of self development

Answer 3

Early childhood
Middle to later childhood
Adolescence
Emerging adults

Question 4

Gender and age appear to be the first characteristics applied to the self

Answer 4

Early childhood

Question 5

At this stage, the child describes the self in terms of concrete, observable characteristics.

Answer 5

Early childhood

Question 6

the second stage, is described as the stage where the self is defined with trait-like constructs (smart, honest, friendly, shy, squeamish) that would require the type of hierarchal organizational skills characteristic of logical thought | development

Answer 6

Middle to later childhood

Question 7

Children at this age also become more adept at taking the perspective of the generalized other (in the manner specified by Mead) and to see themselves from other people’s point of view

Answer 7

Middle to later childhood

Question 8

Social comparison process also become more influential at this stage of life

Answer 8

Middle to later childhood

Question 9

the third stage, brings another shift in self-understanding. Adolescents define themselves in abstract qualities that emphasize their perceived emotions and psychological characteristics.

Answer 9

Adolescence

Question 10

is marked for having the characteristic of having a vision of a “possible self” it is the “age of possibilities”

Answer 10

Emerging adults

Question 11

At this stage, we begin to characterize our self not merely of who we are today but also who we want to be.

Answer 11

Emerging adults

Question 12

The father of American Psychology

Answer 12

William James

Question 13

Developed a theory of self-consciousness in his work, Principles of Psychology (1890)

Answer 13

William James

Question 14

Two elements of the self according to william james

Answer 14

I and Me

Question 15

Refers to our awareness that we are distinct and unified entity, continuous over time, and capable of willful action.

Answer 15

I

Question 16

Is the subject of the experience which is aware of its actions

Answer 16

I

Question 17

Refers to our more specific ideas about what we are like. These ideas include beliefs about our physical appearance, social roles and relationships, taste, habits, values, and personality characteristics.

Answer 17

Me

Question 18

Is something like an object of an experience that you can describe.

Answer 18

Me

Question 19

a psychological perspective who highlighted the individual’s innate drive toward self-actualization

Answer 19

Carl Rogers

Question 20

He coined the term actualizing tendency which refers to a person’s basic instinct to succeed at his or her highest possible capacity.

Answer 20

Carl Rogers

Question 21

Formula 1 (Carl Rogers)

Answer 21

Self/self concept = changes in the environment + person’s reaction

Question 22

Formula 2 (Carl Rogers)

Answer 22

Positive perception of the environment = positive self concept (vis-à-vis)

Question 23

Two categories of the self according to Carl Rogers

Answer 23

Ideal Self
Real Self

Question 24

is the person you would like your Self to be or what you perceive as the best version of you.

Answer 24

Ideal Self

Question 25

is the person you actually are. It is how you behave right at the moment of the situation. It is who you are in reality - how you think, feel or act at the present

Answer 25

Real Self

Question 26

The Alignment of both ideal and real self. Will give an individual a greater sense of self-worth and healthy, productive life

Answer 26

Congruence