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Module 5: Storage and Databases Flashcards

1
Q

What is Block Level Storage?

A

A file being a series of bytes that are stored in blocks on disc. When a file is updated, the whole series of blocks aren’t all overwritten. Instead, it updates just the pieces that change

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2
Q

What are Instance Store Volumes

A

Provides temporary block-level storage for an Amazon EC2 instance where the instance is physically attached to host

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2
Q

Types of Block Level Storage

A
  1. Instance Store Volumes
  2. Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)
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3
Q

When do you use Instance Store Volumes?

A
  1. Files you can use
  2. Temp files
  3. Easily recreated files without consequenc3e
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4
Q

Use Cases for Instance Store Volumes

A
  1. Databases
  2. Enterprise Software
  3. File Systems
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5
Q

What is Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)?

A

Provides block-level storage volumes that you can use with Amazon EC2 instances. If you stop or terminate an Amazon EC2 instance, all the data on the attached EBS volume remains available.

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5
Q

What are the requirements that need to be define to create an EBS Volume?

A
  1. Volume
  2. Size
  3. Type
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6
Q

What is a Snapshot?

A

Incremental Backups on Amazon EBS

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7
Q

What is Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)?

A

Store and retrieve an unlimited amount of data

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8
Q

Components of an Object

A

Each object consists of data, metadata, and a key.

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9
Q

S3 stores data as an __?

A

Object

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10
Q

Objects are stored in __?

A

Buckets

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11
Q

True or False: You can create object versions

A

True

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12
Q

True or False: You can only create a single bucket

A

False

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13
Q

Factors in selecting a Storage Class

A
  1. How often you plan to retrieve your data
  2. How available you need your data to be
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14
Q

Types of Storage Classes

A
  1. S3 Standard
  2. S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard IA)
  3. S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)
  4. S3 Intelligent-Tiering
  5. S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval
  6. S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval
  7. S3 Glacier Deep Archive
  8. S3 Outposts
  9. Static Web Hosting
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15
Q

What is an S3 Standard Storage Class?

A

Provides high availability for objects and designed for frequently accessed data

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16
Q

How many AZs are S3 standard storage classes in?

A

At least 3 AZ

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17
Q

What is S3 standard durability

A

Eleven 9’s

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18
Q

Use Cases for S3 Standard storage Class

A
  1. Websites
  2. Content Distribution
  3. Data Analytics
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19
Q

What is an S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard IA) Storage Class?

A
  1. Ideal for data infrequently accessed but requires high availability when needed.
  2. Similar to Amazon S3 Standard but has a lower storage price and higher retrieval price
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20
Q

Use Cases for S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard IA) Storage Class

A
  1. Back ups
  2. Disaster Recovery
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21
Q

What is an S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)?

A

Ideal for data infrequently accessed but requires high availability when needed but only located within one AZ

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22
Q

Use Case for S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) Storage Class

A

You can easily reproduce your data in the event of an Availability Zone failure

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23
What is an S3 Intelligent-Tiering Storage Class
Amazon S3 monitors objects’ access patterns and automatically moves objects to different classes which is ideal for data with unknown or changing access patterns
24
What is the cost of an S3 Intelligent-Tiering Storage Class?
small monthly monitoring and automation fee per object
25
What is an S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval Storage Class?
Archived data that requires immediate access (a few milliseconds)
26
What is an S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval Storage Class?
Archived data that requires immediate access (a few minutes to hours)
27
What is an S3 Glacier Deep Archive Storage Class?
Supports long-term retention and digital preservation for data that might be accessed once or twice in a year wit object retrieval within 12 hours
28
What is an S3 Outpost Storage Class?
Creates S3 buckets on Amazon S3 Outposts
29
What are the components of Storage Classes?
1. Vaults 2. Archives 3. Lock Policy
30
What is Static Website Hosting?
Static website is a collection of HTML files and each file is akin to a physical page of the actual site
31
What is WORM?
1. Write once/read many 2. vault lock policy and lock the policy from future edits
32
What is Storage Class Lifecycle Management?
Create that configuration without changing your application code, and it will perform those moves for you automatically
33
What is File Storage?
Clients access data through file paths to a Large number of services and resources need to access the same data at the same time.
33
What is Elastic File System (EFS)/
Scalable file system used with AWS Cloud services and on-premises resources that allows for Multiple instances can access (reading and writing) the data in EFS at the same time
34
What key components of Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)?
1. Linux File System 2.Regional Resource 3. Automatically scales
35
What is a Relational database management system (RDBMS)?
1. Store data in a way such that it relates to other pieces of data 2. "Vlookup" of databases
36
What is auto-scaling for Amazon Elastic File System (EFS)?
As you add and remove files, Amazon EFS grows and shrinks automatically
37
What language do Relational Databases Use to store and query data?
SQL
38
What is Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS)?
Service that enables you to run relational databases in the AWS Cloud.
39
What managed services does Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS) provide?
Managed service that automates tasks such as: 1. Hardware provisioning 2. Database setup 3. Patching 4. Backups
40
Benefits of Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS)
1. Automated Patching 2. Backups 3. Redundancy 4. Failover 5. Disaster Recovery
41
What is lift-and-shift migration?
Migrate your database to run on Amazon EC2.
42
Supported Databases on Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS)
1. MySQL 2. PostgreSQL 3. Oracle 4. Microsoft SQL Server
43
What is Amazon Aurora?
Enterprise-class relational database
44
What is the purpose of Amazon Aurora?
Reduce your database costs by reducing unnecessary input/output (I/O) operations, while ensuring that your database resources remain reliable and available
45
What is the cost of Amazon Aurora?
1/10th the cost of commercial data bases
45
Supported Databases on Amazon Aurora
1. MySQL 2. PostgreSQL
46
Benefits of Amazon Aurora
1. Data replication 2. Up to 15 read replicas 3. Continuous backups to Amazon S3 4. Point-in-time recovery
47
What is a Non-Relational Database?
No" SQL databases” because they use structures other than rows and columns to organize data.
48
What is Amazon DynamoDB?
Key-value non-relational database service delivering single-digit millisecond performance at any scale
49
What is the difference between Amazon DynamoDB and Amazon RDS?
Amazon DynamoDB is based on Simple flexible schemas, not complex rigid schemas, laying out multiple tables that all relate to each other.
50
Key Factors of Amazon DyanmoDB
1. Non-relational 2. NoSQL Database 3. Millisecond response times 4. Fully Managed 5. Highly scalable 6. Serverless
51
Components based on
1. Attributes (Keys) 2. Items
51
Amazon DynamoDB is based on ___
Tables
52
What is a Data Warehouse?
Historical analytics rather than operational analysis
53
What is Amazon Redshift
Data warehousing service that you can use for big data analytics that provides the ability to collect data from many sources and helps you to understand relationships and trends across your data
54
Types of Database Mgirations
1. Homogenous Migration 2. Heterogenous Migration: 3. Development and test database migration 4. Database consolidation 5. Continuous database replication
55
What is a Homogenous Migration of a database?
Source and Target have the same: 1. Schema structure 2. Data types 3. Database Code
56
What is a Heterogenous Migration of a database?
Migration occurs when source and target databases are of different types
57
What is an AWS Schema Conversion Tool?
Convert the source schema and code to match that of the target database.
58
What is a Development and test database migration of a database?
Enabling developers to test applications against production data without affecting production users
59
What is a Database Consolidation of a database?
Combining several databases into a single database
60
What is a Continuous Database Replication of a database?
Sending ongoing copies of your data to other target sources instead of doing a one-time migration
61
What is an AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)?
Enables you to migrate relational databases, nonrelational databases, and other types of data stores
62
What are the benefits of AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)?
1. The source database remains fully operational during the migration 2. Downtime is minimized for applications that rely on that database 3. The source and target databases don't have to be of the same type
63
What is Amazon Document DEB?
Document database service that supports MongoDB workloads. (MongoDB is a document database program.)
64
Use Cases for Amazon DocumentDB
1. Content Management 2. Catalogs 3. Profiles
65
What is Amazon Neptune?
Graph database service
66
Use Cases for Amazon Quantum Ledger Database (Amazon QLDB)
1. Financial Audits 2. Immutable record ledger
67
What is Amazon Quantum Ledger Database (Amazon QLDB)?
Ledge database service
68
What is Amazon Managed Blockchain?
Service that you can use to create and manage blockchain networks with open-source frameworks
69
What is Blockchain?
Distributed ledger system that lets multiple parties run transactions and share data without a central authority.
70
What is Amazon ElastiCache?
Service that adds caching layers on top of your databases to help improve the read times of common requests
71
Supported Data Stores in Amazon ElastiCache
Redis Memcached
72
What is Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)?
Memory cache for DynamoDB
73
What is Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)?
Memory cache for DynamoDB
74
What are the benefits of Amazon DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)?
Improve response times from single-digit milliseconds to microseconds

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