Module 5: Procedural Error Risks Flashcards
Most common complication of venipuncture?
Hematoma
What is hematoma?
blood leaking into tissues during or after venipuncture. Identified by rapid swelling
Situations that can trigger hematoma
- excessive or blind probing
- accidental arterial puncture
- vein is fragile or small for neddle
- needle penetrates all the way trough veins
- needle partly inserted
- needle removed while tourniquet still tied
- Did not apply pressure after venipuncture
If hematoma is rapidly forming, what does this indicate?
Artery is inadvertently hit
Medication to help reduce pain from hematoma
Acetaminophen or ibuprofen
Warm packs should be applied in first 24 hours to reduce swelling or pain, and ice packs on the following 24 hours to allow resorption of accumulated blood.
FALSE. Ice packs first before Warm
What is the adverse condition brought on by effects of treatment?
Iatrogenic
Blood loss from blood removed for testing
Iatrogenic Blood Loss
Blood removed on a daily basis or in large quantities may lead to…
Iatrogenic anemia (especially in infants)
Blood loss to a point where life cannot be sustained
exsanguination
removing >10% of blood n one time or in a short period of time is okay
False. it is life threatening
Asides from pain and hematoma, what is another problem associated with deep or blind probing?
Inadvertent Arterial Puncture
Undetected inadvertent arterial puncture can cause ?
leakage and accumulation of blood causing compression injury to nearby nerve
Signs of inadvertent arterial puncture
- rapid formation of hematoma
2.tubes filling quick - Spurts or pulses in tube
4.bright red blood—- normal pulmonary function
How can infection be minimized or eliminated during venipuncture?
Use proper antiseptic techniques
Steps to proper antiseptic technique
- do not open adhesive tape or bandage ahead of time or temporarily tape them to contaminated obj.
- Do not preload needles onto tube holders. sterility of needle is broken once seal is broken
- do not repalpate
- minimize time between removing needle cap and procedure
- remind Px to keep bandage for at least 15 min.
Nerve injury happens due to?
poor site or improper vein selection, inserting needle too deeply or quickly, px is moving as needle is inserted, excessive or lateral redirection of needle, blind probing
Signs of nerve injury
Extreme pain, burning or electric shock sensation, numbness, pain radiates up and down
Blood flows back from the tubes to the patients arm
REFLUX OF ADDITIVE
How to prevent reflux?
Patients arm should be kept in a downward position
What artery and nerve is near the basilic vein?
Brachial Artery and Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
What can cause vein damage
- repeated venipuncture in same site can cause scar buildup
- blind probing and improper technique when redirecting
