Module 5: Procedural Error Risks

Question 1

Most common complication of venipuncture?

Answer 1

Hematoma

Question 2

What is hematoma?

Answer 2

blood leaking into tissues during or after venipuncture. Identified by rapid swelling

Question 3

Situations that can trigger hematoma

Answer 3

1. excessive or blind probing
2. accidental arterial puncture
3. vein is fragile or small for neddle
4. needle penetrates all the way trough veins
5. needle partly inserted
6. needle removed while tourniquet still tied
7. Did not apply pressure after venipuncture

Question 4

If hematoma is rapidly forming, what does this indicate?

Answer 4

Artery is inadvertently hit

Question 5

Medication to help reduce pain from hematoma

Answer 5

Acetaminophen or ibuprofen

Question 6

Warm packs should be applied in first 24 hours to reduce swelling or pain, and ice packs on the following 24 hours to allow resorption of accumulated blood.

Answer 6

FALSE. Ice packs first before Warm

Question 7

What is the adverse condition brought on by effects of treatment?

Answer 7

Iatrogenic

Question 8

Blood loss from blood removed for testing

Answer 8

Iatrogenic Blood Loss

Question 9

Blood removed on a daily basis or in large quantities may lead to…

Answer 9

Iatrogenic anemia (especially in infants)

Question 10

Blood loss to a point where life cannot be sustained

Answer 10

exsanguination

Question 11

removing >10% of blood n one time or in a short period of time is okay

Answer 11

False. it is life threatening

Question 12

Asides from pain and hematoma, what is another problem associated with deep or blind probing?

Answer 12

Inadvertent Arterial Puncture

Question 13

Undetected inadvertent arterial puncture can cause ?

Answer 13

leakage and accumulation of blood causing compression injury to nearby nerve

Question 14

Signs of inadvertent arterial puncture

Answer 14

1. rapid formation of hematoma
   2.tubes filling quick
2. Spurts or pulses in tube
   4.bright red blood—- normal pulmonary function

Question 15

How can infection be minimized or eliminated during venipuncture?

Answer 15

Use proper antiseptic techniques

Question 16

Steps to proper antiseptic technique

Answer 16

1. do not open adhesive tape or bandage ahead of time or temporarily tape them to contaminated obj.
2. Do not preload needles onto tube holders. sterility of needle is broken once seal is broken
3. do not repalpate
4. minimize time between removing needle cap and procedure
5. remind Px to keep bandage for at least 15 min.

Question 17

Nerve injury happens due to?

Answer 17

poor site or improper vein selection, inserting needle too deeply or quickly, px is moving as needle is inserted, excessive or lateral redirection of needle, blind probing

Question 18

Signs of nerve injury

Answer 18

Extreme pain, burning or electric shock sensation, numbness, pain radiates up and down

Question 19

Blood flows back from the tubes to the patients arm

Answer 19

REFLUX OF ADDITIVE

Question 20

How to prevent reflux?

Answer 20

Patients arm should be kept in a downward position

Question 21

What artery and nerve is near the basilic vein?

Answer 21

Brachial Artery and Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Question 22

What can cause vein damage

Answer 22

1. repeated venipuncture in same site can cause scar buildup
2. blind probing and improper technique when redirecting