Module 5 Part 6 Adolescence

Question 1

what are the 3 stages of puberty?

Answer 1

1. Prepubescence, the period of about 2years immediately before puberty when child is developing preliminary physical changes that herald sexual maturity
2. Puberty, the point at which sexual maturity is achieved, marked by the first menstrual flow in girls but by less obvious indications in boys
3. Postpubescence, a 1-2 year period following puberty during which skeletal growth is completed and reproductive functions become fairly well established

Question 2

what does adolescence mean?

Answer 2

means to grow into maturity, generally regarded as the psychological, social, and maturational process initiated by the pubertal changes

Question 3

what are the 3 phases of adolescence and age range?

Answer 3

1. Early adolescence (11-14)
2. Middle adolescence (15-17)
   Late adolescence (18-20)

Question 4

give examples of some primary and secondary characteristics that change?

Answer 4

• primary sex characteristics are the external and internal organs that carry out the reproductive functions (ovaries, uterus, breast, penis)
• secondary sex characteristics are the changes (Voice alterations, development of facial and pubertal hair, fat deposits) but plays no direct part in reproduction

Question 5

what are the two effects of the hormonal stimulation of the gonads?

Answer 5

1. Production and release of gametes-production of sperm in the male and maturation and release of ova in the female
2. Secretion of sex-appropriate hormones- estrogen and progesterone from the ovaries (female) and testosterone from testes (male)

Question 6

how long can it take for male genitalia to reach adult size?

Answer 6

2-5 years

Question 7

when does menarche usually begin in girls?

Answer 7

10-15 years of age. occurs 2 years after the appearance of the first pubescent changes

Question 8

when does sexual maturation in boys occur and what matures?

Answer 8

9-14 years and testicular enlargement accompanied by thinning, reddening, and increased looseness of the scrotum

Question 9

when does first ejaculation occurs?

Answer 9

late puberty

Question 10

what happens with vitals for adolescence?

Answer 10

blood volume and systolic BP increase, pulse and basal heat production decrease

Question 11

why does blood volume reach a higher volume in boys than in girls?

Answer 11

because of increased muscle mass

Question 12

what stage of eriksons psychosocial development is described for adoelscents

Answer 12

identity versus role confusion: they explore their independence and develop a sense of self. Also group identity versus alienation: they wanna dress and be the same as a certain group. if they don’t, they feel alienated from group and unaccepted

Question 13

what stage of piagets theory is for this age?

Answer 13

the period of formal operations. they are no longer restricted to the real and actual, they now have the capacity to think beyond the present (college, occupation)

Question 14

what BMI is considered overweight for this age?

Answer 14

BMI greater than 25

Question 15

what are some eating disorders that are significant in this age range?

Answer 15

anorexia and bulimia:

• anorexia is the inability to maintain a minimally normal body weight and severe weight loss
• bulimia undertake binge eating and then use compensatory behaviours to prevent weight gain

Question 16

what are the 3 major goals related to the treatment and management of anorexia?

Answer 16

1. Reinstitution of normal nutrition or reversal of the severe state of malnutrition
2. Resolution of disturbed patterns of family interaction
3. Individual psychotherapy to correct deficits and distortions in psychological functioning

Question 17

when does the growth spurt occur and how long does it last?

Answer 17

24-36 month period, no wonder they get so tired all the time (9.5-14.5 for girls and 10.5-16.5 for boys)

Question 18

list vitals for adolescence

Answer 18

Hr 70
RR 15-20
Temp 37.6
BP 120/70
O2 sats 95-100

Usually all the same for adults depending on fitness level

Question 19

describe play for adolescence

Answer 19

beyond childhood play, sports are important, as in science, art, music, social interaction important, privacy and quiet time is important, time on social media is important

Question 20

describe emotional development for this age?

Answer 20

growth, cognition, identity, relationship with parents, relationship with peers, sexuality, psychological health is all important to youth

Question 21

describes freuds theory related to this age

Answer 21

genital phase: establish satisfactory relationships with opposite sex, new sexual aims and love objects (other than parents)

Question 22

what vaccines should they have?

Answer 22

TDap, menigococcal, HPV, HepB, HepA, and flue (also varicella)

Question 23

what is the greatest cause of death?

Answer 23

Physical injuries

Question 24

what is the fallen angel syndrome?

Answer 24

discover that humans are fallible and that they are no perfect parents or teachers

Question 25

what is eriksons stage related to adolescence?

Answer 25

establishing a sense of identity

Question 26

This can fluctuate a great deal and exasperate family members (especially parents) but are normal for this age group. what is this relating to?

Answer 26

adoelscent emotions

Question 27

what is Abstract thought, thinking beyond the present, logical reasoning, and a sense of idealism?

Answer 27

cognitive development

Question 28

what is this growth spurt called? This growth spurt begins around age 10 for girls and age 12 in body.

Answer 28

pubescent growth spurt. It signals the beginning of adolescence