Module 5 Lecture Notes Flashcards
What is the Perichondrium
Dense irregular connective tissue
“Girdle” for cartilage compression
Has blood vessels for delivery of nutrients
What arethe three types of cartilage
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
What is the most abundant skeletal cartilage
Hyaline
Where is hyaline cartilage found
Articular, costal, respiratory, and nasal joints
What type of cartilage is the epiglottis?
Elastic
How many bones are in the adult body
206
the axial skeleton includes what?
skull, vertebral column, ribcage
Bones are classified according to what
shape (long, short, flat, irregular)
What is the diaphysis
The shaft of a long bone
What is the Epiphysis
the end, often spongey in nature
what does periosteum mean
within bone
What are osteoblasts
bone makers
what are osteoclasts
bone breakers
Structure of short, flat, and irregular bones
Outer layers of thin periosteum-covered
compact bone and endosteum-covered
spongy bone within
What is the spongey bone in flat bones called
Diploe
Where is hematopoetic tissue found
Found in the diploë of flat bones
(sternum), irregular bones (hip
bone) and the head of the femur
and humerus
What are the four main cell types that make up bone
osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
Lamella are
Column-like tubes - Weight bearing
Perforating (Volkmann’s) canals are
Connect blood vessels and nerves of periosteum and central
canals
At right angles to central canals
Lacunae are
small cavities that contain osteocytes (mature bone cells)
Canaliculi are
hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and the central canal
What type of materials are bones comprised of?
organic and inorganic
What does the inorganic part of the bone give it?
The organic part gives bones flexibility and tensile
strength and makes about 1/3 volume
What composes 2/3 of bone volume?
Hydroxyapatites
Intramembranous ossification forms which bones
flat bones of the skull and clavicle
Endochondral ossification requires what
breakdown of hyaline cartilage prior to
ossification
