Module 5 Homework & Quizzes Flashcards
Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________.
tendons
Bones grow in length due to activity in the ________.
epiphyseal plate
The first type of bone to form during fracture repair is ________ bone.
spongy
Which of the following hormones are responsible for the adolescent growth spurt?
estrogen and testosterone
Without red marrow, bones would not be able to ________.
make blood cells
Wolff’s law, which describes the effect of mechanical forces in bone modeling/remodeling, would predict that ________
a right-handed pitcher will have thicker bones in his right arm compared to his left.
Bones grow in diameter due to bone formation ________.
beneath the periosteum
In a compound fracture, ________.
broken bone pierces the skin
Which cells do not originate from osteogenic cells?
osteoclasts
Which of the following is most likely to be released when blood calcium levels are elevated?
calcitonin
Bones that surround the spinal cord are classified as ________ bones.
irregular
Most of the bones of the arms and hands are long bones; however, the bones in the wrist are categorized as ________.
short bones
Calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine if ________ is lacking.
vitamin D
How can a fractured diaphysis release fat globules into the bloodstream?
The yellow marrow in the diaphysis is exposed and damaged.
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of zones in the epiphyseal plate?
calcification, maturation, proliferation, reserved
When calcium levels are too high or too low, which body system is primarily affected?
nervous system
Why is cartilage slow to heal?
because it does not have a blood supply
The diaphysis contains ________.
fat stores
Which of the following bones is (are) formed by intramembranous ossification?
the flat bones of the cranium
A fracture can be both ________.
open and transverse
Which category of bone is among the most numerous in the skeleton?
Long bones
Which of the following are only found in cancellous bone?
trabeculae
Which of the following occurs in the spongy bone of the epiphysis?
hematopoiesis
All of the following play a role in calcium homeostasis except
thyroxine
Which of the following can be found in areas of movement?
cartilage
Why are osteocytes spread out in bone tissue?
Formation of osteoid spreads out the osteoblasts that formed the ossification centers.
The fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone is the ________.
periosteum
The internal and external calli are replaced by ________.
trabecular bone
The skeletal system is made of ________.
bones and cartilage
Long bones enable body movement by acting as a ________.
lever
Which one of the following foods is best for bone health?
leafy green vegetables
In endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes?
They die in the calcified matrix that surrounds them and form the medullary cavity.
The area of a bone where the nutrient foramen passes forms what kind of bone marking?
a hole
Yellow marrow has been identified as ________.
an area of fat storage
With respect to their direct effects on osseous tissue, which pair of hormones has actions that oppose each other?
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
Sesamoid bones are found embedded in ________.
tendons
A canal or tubelike passage in bone would be a/an:
meatus
The cell responsible for secreting the bone matrix is:
osteoblasts
Cartilage grows in two ways, appositional and interstitial. Appositional growth is ________.
the secretion of new matrix against existing cartilage
Appositional growth:
occurs when cartilage-forming cells secrete new matrix against the external face of the existing cartilage tissue.
Which occurs first in bone repair?
hematoma formation
Osteocytes maintain contact with the blood vessels of the central canal through:
canalculli
The bones of the fingers and toes (phalanges) are categorized as _____ bones.
long
Which hormone increases osteoclast activity to release more calcium ions into the bloodstream?
parathyroid hormone
In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows ________.
NOT from the epiphysis toward the diaphysis
