Module 5: Gene expression and replication

Question 1

semiconservative

Answer 1

each strand of template DNA used to synthesize new strand, each template remains annealed w new strand

Question 2

leading vs lagging strand

Answer 2

leading: dna synth at each rep fork is cont
lagging: dna synth discont

Question 3

Okazaki fragments

Answer 3

multiple RAN primers ti start dna replication

Question 4

helicase

Answer 4

separates and unwinds proteins

Question 5

single strand binding protein

Answer 5

prevents operated parent strand from reannealing after separated

Question 6

primase

Answer 6

synthesize RNA primers

Question 7

DNA polymerase

Answer 7

synthesize a DNA strand complementary to parent by adding nucleotides to the 3’ end

Question 8

topoisomerase

Answer 8

cleaves one or both parental DNA to relieve tension of supercoiling

Question 9

steps of synthesis

Answer 9

1. helices unwinds helix+seperates strands
2. primase anneals RNA primer
3. polymerase III copies strand
4. polymerase I replaces primer w nuc
5. ligase seals

Question 10

exonuclease

Answer 10

replaces RNA primers with DNA from lagging strand

Question 11

transcription steps (3)

Answer 11

1. initiation: RNA bind to DNA
2. elongation: RNA pol synthesizes RNA
3. termination

Question 12

gene expression (2 steps)

Answer 12

cellular mechanism responsible for synthesis of gene products

1. transcription
2. translation

Question 13

structural gene

Answer 13

gene which codes for function prop

Question 14

non coding RNA

Answer 14

RAN not translated into protein

Question 15

gene regulation

Answer 15

controls amount and type of gene produced

Question 16

codon types (3)

Answer 16

codon: sequences of 3 nucleotides that code for AA

stop codon: signal end of been translation

anticodon: trinuc seq complementary to that of corresponding