Module 5: Childhood

Question 1

growth change in preschool (4-5 years)

Answer 1

grow more in height then weight
loose chubbyness
by 5yrs brain is almost adult sized

Question 2

growth changes in school-age (6-12 years)

Answer 2

weight increases rapidly

limbs grow faster then trunk

Question 3

What are growth charts used for?

Answer 3

used to record, map and compare a child’s height, weight and head circumference with children of the same age and gender.
They help to find the growth pattern and depict any changed that may require intervention.

Question 4

what are some developmental milestones for preschool age (4-5yrs)?

Answer 4

can tell stories
can go to the bathroom and wash hands independently 
can hop and jump
can dress themselves
can play co-operatively

Question 5

What are some developmental milestones for school age (6-12yrs)?

Answer 5

perfect muscular skills and coordination
can play games and sports
fine motor skills developed to draw, craft, and build models
reading and writing

Question 6

Outline Eriksons stage of development ‘initiative v guilt’ (3-5yrs).

Answer 6

preschoolers begin to assert control, they can self-start or initiate activities. Guilt is felt if they are met with disapproval.

Question 7

Outline Eriksons stage of development ‘industry v inferiority’ (6-11yrs).

Answer 7

School age children need to cope with new demands both socially and academically, success leads to competence and self-esteem while failure leads to feelings of inferiority.

Question 8

What age does piaget phase of cognitive development ‘preoperational’ occur?

Answer 8

ages 2-7yrs

Question 9

What ages does Piaget phases of cognitive development ‘concrete operational’ occur?

Answer 9

7-11yrs

Question 10

Describe aspects of piagets preoperational phase of cognitive development.

Answer 10

begin to use language and express concepts
pretend play and imagination are strong
egocentric in thinking; have difficulty seeing others perspective
can only think of one idea at a time

Question 11

Describe aspects of piagets concrete operational phase of cognitive development.

Answer 11

beginning of logical or operational thought
can understand concepts such as conversion of numbers (e.g. weight, mass, time)
can understand that their is more then one view point

Question 12

In 2017-2018, what percentage of children between the ages of 0-14yrs where estimated to have asthma?

Answer 12

10%

Question 13

What is the most common chronic condition in children in Australia?

Answer 13

Asthma

Question 14

What type of respiratory condition is asthma and what does it involve?

Answer 14

Asthma is an obstructive respiratory condition involving chronic airway inflammation.

Question 15

What part of the respiratory system does asthma affect?

Answer 15

The smaller airways such as the bronchi and the bronchioles.

Question 16

Briefly describe the anatomy of the smaller airways affected by asthma.

Answer 16

These airways have in inner lining, called mucosa, and is surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle.

Question 17

What triggers are people with asthma hyper-responsive to and why?

Answer 17

Their airways are chronically inflamed making them hyper-responsive to triggers such as; tobacco smoke, pollen, dust, fragrances, exercise, cold weather, stress and the common cold.

Question 18

What happens when a person with asthma is exposed to triggers?

Answer 18

An asthma attack can occur

Question 19

How do triggers cause an asthma attack?

Answer 19

Triggers worsen inflammation, causing the mucosal lining to become more swollen and secrete more mucus, which blocks the narrowed airways and makes it hard to breath

Question 20

What causes chest tightness as a symptom os asthma?

Answer 20

smooth muscle constriction

Question 21

What causes coughing as a symptom of asthma?

Answer 21

excess mucus and increased inflammation

Question 22

What causes wheezing noises as a symptom of asthma?

Answer 22

airways are constricted so air makes a whistling noise as it travels through airways.

Question 23

How often should a child with asthma have their asthma action plan updated with their GP?

Answer 23

at least 12 monthly

Question 24

Why are spacers the recommended method of using metered dose inhalers or puffers?

Answer 24

Using the spacers allows the maximum amount of medication to be inhaled into the alveoli where it is required to work.