Module 5

Question 1

Arterial Fluid

Answer 1

Concentrated, preservative, embalming chemical that is diluted with water to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming. Its purpose is to inactivate saprophytic bacteria and render the body tissues less susceptible to decomposition

Question 2

Arterial Solution

Answer 2

Mixture of arterial (vascular) fluid and water used for the arterial injection. May include supplemental fluids

Question 3

Cavity Fluid

Answer 3

Embalming chemical that is injected into a body cavity following aspiration in cavity embalming. Cavity fluid can also be used as the chemical in hypodermic and surface embalming

Question 4

Supplemental Fluid

Answer 4

A fluid the embalmer injects prior to the preservative solution (e.g. preinjection fluid) or adds to the preservative solution to enhance certain qualities of the preservative fluid (e.g., coinjection, dye, humectant, and water conditioner)

Question 5

Accessory Chemical

Answer 5

Chemicals used in addition to vascular (arterial) And a cavity involving fluids. Include but are not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold-preventative agents, and compress application agents

Question 6

Special Purpose Fluid

Answer 6

Fluids designed for use with special body conditions such as jaundice or bodies requiring a high preservative demand as seen in bodies with renal failure, extensive burns, or decomposition

Question 7

Formalin

Answer 7

This commercial source of formaldehyde is the most commonly used chemical for embalming.

Question 8

Paraformaldehyde

Answer 8

A solid form of formaldehyde which precipitates out of solution at higher concentrations. It is used for topical and gaseous embalmings within enclosed areas (e.g. beneath plastics, autopsy cavities)

Question 9

Index

Answer 9

The absolute formaldehyde gas present in any given product.

Question 10

Donor Compounds

Answer 10

Materials that, when in the presence of the proper catalyst, give off formaldehyde at a slow rate

Question 11

Glutaraldehyde

Answer 11

A mild odor, light color embalming chemical capable of reacting with protein structures over a wide pH range. It characteristically removes less moisture from the tissues than when formaldehyde is used

Question 12

Phenol

Answer 12

A preservative in germicide used chiefly in cavity fluid formulations. This compound assists formaldehyde in forming insoluble resins with albumins and produces a putty-gray tissue

Question 13

Quats

Answer 13

Quarternary Ammonium Componds: Materials used mainly for their germicidal and deodorizing qualities. They are combined in cavity fluids and specialty formulations used for cold sterilization of instruments, linens, gowns, clothing, and other items

Question 14

Vehicles

Answer 14

Solvent compounds that are efficient carriers for the preservative chemicals

Question 15

Dye

Answer 15

Materials used in embalming chemicals for the purpose of producing an internal cosmetic effect that closely simulates the natural coloring of tissues

Question 16

Modifying Agents

Answer 16

Chemical components of vascular fluids that control the rate and degree of tissue firmness by the fluid utilized (ie.g., humectants and buffers); Chemicals for which there may be greatly varying demands predicated on the type of embalming, the environment, and the embalming fluid used

Question 17

Buffers

Answer 17

Embalming chemicals that affect the stabilization of acid-base balance within embalming solutions and in embalmed tissues

Question 18

Humectants

Answer 18

Chemicals that increase the ability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture

Question 19

Anti-Coagulants

Answer 19

Components of embalming fluids that retired the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become more viscous or prevent adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals

Question 20

Surfactants

Answer 20

Chemicals that reduce the molecular cohesion of a liquid so that it can flow through smaller apertures

Question 21

Pre-Injection Fluids

Answer 21

Fluid injected primarily to prepare the vascular system and body tissues for the injection of the preservative vascular (arterial) solution. This solution is injected before the preservative vascular solution is injected

Question 22

Co-Injection Fluid

Answer 22

Supplemental fluid used primarily to enhance the action of vascular (arterial) solutions

Question 23

Restorative Fluids

Answer 23

Supplemental fluids, used with the regular arterial solution whose purposes are to retain body moisture and retard dehydration

Question 24

Edema Fluid

Answer 24

Used as a co-injection fluid, this corrected chemical changes the osmotic qualities of the embalming solution and draws the edema from the tissue spaces back into the venous drainage

Question 25

Dilution

Answer 25

Reducing the concentration of embalming chemicals by the addition of water.

Question 26

Primary Dilution

Answer 26

Addition of water to the concentrated arterial fluid

Question 27

Waterless Embalming

Answer 27

Embalming solution composed of an arterial fluid not diluted with water but rather diluted with supplemental fluids such as coal injection, humectants, and water-corrective fluids

Question 28

Secondary Dilution

Answer 28

Movement of interstitial fluid from the body tissues into the embalming solution

Question 29

Osmosis

Answer 29

Movement of a solvent, such as water, through a semi permeable membrane from a dilute to a concentrated solution

Question 30

Hypotonic

Answer 30

A solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute then the solution with which it is compared

Question 31

Hypertonic

Answer 31

A solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute then the solution with which it is compared

Question 32

Isotonic

Answer 32

A solution having a concentration of dissolved solute equal to that of a standard of reference