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English 211 > Module 5 > Flashcards

Module 5 Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

affix

A

bound morpheme that attaches to a stem

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2
Q

affixation

A

process of forming words by adding affixes to morphemes

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3
Q

aggulatinating language

A

a type of synthetic in which the relationship between words in a sentence are indicated primarily by bound morphemes. In aggulatinating languages, morphemes are joined together loosely so that it is easy to determine where the boundaries between morphemes are.

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4
Q

allomorph

A

one of a set of nondistinctive realizations of a particular morpheme that have the same function and are phonetically similar.

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5
Q

alternation

A

in phonology, a difference between two or more phonetic forms that one might expect to be related. in morphology, the morphological process that uses morpheme-internal modifications to make new words or morphological distinctions.

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6
Q

ambiguity

A

the phenomenon by which a single linguistic form can be the form of more than one distinct linguistic expression. the form that is shared by more than one expression is said to be ambiguous

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7
Q

analytic language

A

type of language in which most words consist of one morpheme and sentences are composed of sequences of these free morphemes. grammatical relationships are often indicated by word order.

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8
Q

bound morpheme

A

morpheme that always attaches to other morphemes, never existing as a word itself

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9
Q

bound root

A

morpheme that has some associated basic, but that is unable to stand alone as a word in its own right

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10
Q

closed lexical category

A

lexical category in which the members are fairly rigidly established and additions are made very rarely and only over long periods of time

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11
Q

compounding

A

word formation process by which words are formed through combining two or more independent words

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12
Q

conjunction

A

a lexical category that consists of function words such as and, but, however

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13
Q

content morpheme

A

morpheme that carries semantic content

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14
Q

content word

A

a word whose primarily purpose is to contribute semantic content to the phrase in which it occurs. all free content morphemes are content morphemes.

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15
Q

derivation

A

In phonology a process by which an underlying form is changed as phonological rules act upon it. In morphology a morphological process that changes a word’s lexical category or its meaning in some predictable way.

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16
Q

determiner

A

the name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as the, a, this, all, etc. Syntactically, consists of those expressions that when combined with an expression of category noun to their right result in an expression of category noun phrase

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17
Q

form

A

the structure or shape of any particular linguistic item from individual segments to string words

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18
Q

free morpheme

A

a morpheme that can stand alone as a word

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19
Q

function morpheme

A

morpheme that provides information about the grammatical relationships between words in a sentence

20
Q

functions word

A

a word that has little semantic content and whose primary purpose is to indicate grammatical relationships between other words within a phrase

21
Q

fusional language

A

a type of synthetic language in which the relationships between the words in a sentence are indicated by bound morphemes that are difficult to separate from the stem

22
Q

hierarchical structure

A

the dominance relationship among morphemes in a word, or among constituents in a phrase

23
Q

homophony

A

the phenomenon by which two or more distinct morphemes or non phrasal linguistic expressions happen to have the same form (sound the same)

24
Q

incorporation

A

morphological process by which several distinctive semantic components are combined into a single word in a poly synthetic language

25
Q

infix

A

a type of bound morpheme that is inserted into the middle of the stem

26
Q

inflection

A

a morphological process whereby the form of a word is modified to indicate some grammatically relevant information, such as person, number, tense, gender, etc.

27
Q

input

A

the linguistic form before the application of a rule or a set of rules

28
Q

lexical category

A

class of words grouped together based on morphological properties. traditionally known as part of speech.

29
Q

lexicon

A

a mental repository of linguistic information about words and other lexical information about words or other lexical expressions including their form meaning morphological and syntactic properties.

30
Q

morpheme

A

smallest linguistic unit that has a meaning or grammatical function

31
Q

morphology

A

the study of how words are constructed out of morphemes

32
Q

open lexical category

A

lexical category into which new members are often introduced

33
Q

output

A

the linguistic form obtained after an application of a rule or a set of rules

34
Q

partial reduplication

A

morphological reduplication in which only part of a morpheme is reduplicated

35
Q

poly-synthetic language

A

a type of language that attaches several affixes to a stem to indicate grammatical relationships

36
Q

prefix

A

affix that attaches to the beginning of a stem

37
Q

preposition

A

the name of a lexical category that consists of expressions such as of, in ,for, with

38
Q

productive

A

describes a rule that can be applied in novel situations to produce novel grammatical forms

39
Q

pronoun

A

the name of a lexical category that consists of words such as i, she, us,

40
Q

reduplicant

A

the morpheme or part of a morpheme that is repeated in reduplication

41
Q

reduplication

A

process of forming new words by doubling either entire word or part of a word

42
Q

root

A

the free morpheme or bound root in a word that contributes most semantic content to the word and to which affixes can attach

43
Q

simultaneous affix

A

an affix that is artuclated at the same time as some other affixes in a words stem; exists only in visual gestural languages

44
Q

stem

A

the base consisting of one or more morphemes to which some affix is added

45
Q

suffix

A

affix that attaches to the end of a stem

46
Q

suppletion

A

a morphological process between forms of a word wherein one form cannot be phonologically or morphologically derived from the other

English 211 (7 decks)

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