Module 5

Question 1

True/False:

The State Guard was created in 1941 to provide security at home.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True/False:

A pipeline was built from Texas to the Northeast to carry oil supplies instead of having ships carry the oil because it was less expensive.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

True/False:

To aid the war effort, the largest tin smelter in the world was built in Texas City.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

True/False:

The prisoner camps at Seagoville, Kenedy, and Crystal City differed from most other prisoner camps in Texas because they held civilians.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Who was the African American Texan that saved the life of a fellow sailor and had a ship named for him?

Answer 5

Leonard Roy Harmon

Question 6

Who is the Texan admiral who led the U.S. Pacific Fleet?

Answer 6

Chester W. Nimitz

Question 7

Who was the Texan naval officer who was the most decorated sailor in the war?

Answer 7

Samuel Dealey

Question 8

Who was the Texan that led a force of rangers on D-Day?

Answer 8

James E. Rudder

Question 9

Who was one of five Mexican Americans from Texas to receive the Medal of Honor during World War II?

Answer 9

Silvestre Herrera

Question 10

Why was gasoline rationed during World War II?

a) Oil production was cut, as oil workers went to work in manufacturing plants.
b) Gasoline is an oil product, and the U.S. military needed oil to power tanks, ships, and planes.
c) The United States did not want to support foreign oil-producing countries.
d) So fewer cars were on the roads to keep them open for the military.

Answer 10

b) Gasoline is an oil product, and the U.S. military needed oil to power tanks, ships, and planes.

Question 11

Why did the U.S. Army make Texas its main training ground during World War II?

a) Texas’s poor weather would help conceal military activities there.
b) Texas’s location far from the coasts made it unlikely to be attacked.
c) Texas had a favorable climate and open spaces, making it well suited for the task.
d) Texas had many unemployed men to train for combat.

Answer 11

c) Texas had a favorable climate and open spaces, making it well suited for the task.

Question 12

Which area of Texas did the Civilian Air Patrol scout looking for enemy forces?

a) the Gulf Coast
b) West Texas
c) the Panhandle
d) Central Texas

Answer 12

a) the Gulf Coast

Question 13

Cities grew larger in Texas during World War II because of the increase in what kind of jobs?

a) agricultural jobs
b) white-collar jobs
c) factory jobs
d) maritime jobs

Answer 13

c) factory jobs

Question 14

Which of the following events led to the United States’s entry into World War II?

a) Germany’s attack on France.
b) Japan’s conquest of Indonesia.
c) The formation of the Axis.
d) Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor.

Answer 14

d) Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor.

Question 15

How did Oveta Culp Hobby contribute to the war effort?

a) She earned a Navy Cross for her heroism in battle.
b) She founded the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs).
c) She was the first female fighter pilot to serve in combat for the U.S. military.
d) She organized and commanded the Women’s Army Corps (WAC).

Answer 15

d) She organized and commanded the Women’s Army Corps (WAC).

Question 16

Why were racial tensions heightened in some places in Texas during the war?

a) Because many Native Americans returned to Texas looking for jobs.
b) Because many African Americans came to Texas’s cities for jobs.
c) Because illegal immigrants from Mexico were allowed to join the army.
d) Because minority workers were paid more than white workers.

Answer 16

b) Because many African Americans came to Texas’s cities for jobs.

Question 17

What form of discrimination that African American soldiers experienced during World War II ended late in the war?

a) Serving in segregated units.
b) Not being sent to duty overseas.
c) Being assigned to noncombat roles.
d) Lower pay than white soldiers.

Answer 17

c) Being assigned to noncombat roles.

Question 18

Which area of Texas became one of the most heavily industrialized places in the world during World War II?

a) Western Texas near El Paso.
b) The northern coastal region.
c) The area along the Rio Grande.
d) The Panhandle region.

Answer 18

b) The northern coastal region.

Question 19

Why were some soldiers from the Thirty-sixth Division called the “Lost Battalion”?

a) They became lost in France after the United States invaded that country.
b) They were captured by the Japanese, who refused to say where they were.
c) They were all lost at sea when the Japanese sank their ships.
d) They lost an important battle in the fighting in Italy.

Answer 19

b) They were captured by the Japanese, who refused to say where they were.

Question 20

Who invented the integrated silicon circuit, the chip at the heart of modern computers?

Answer 20

Jack Kilby

Question 21

Who was the first American astronaut to perform a spacewalk?

Answer 21

Edward H. White

Question 22

Who was an accomplished pediatric surgeon and professor at Baylor University’s medical school?

Answer 22

Benjy F. Brooks

Question 23

Who piloted the first manned flight in the Apollo mission?

Answer 23

Walter Cunningham

Question 24

Who pioneered methods for performing open-heart surgery?

Answer 24

Michael DeBakey

Question 25

True/False:

The period of fear and pursuit of suspected Communists was known as the “Red Scare.”

Answer 25

True

Question 26

True/False:

Texan Sam Rayburn was the majority leader of the Senate in the 1950s.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

What form of protest was organized by James L. Farmer, Jr.?

a) voting boycotts
b) Freedom Rides
c) strikes at white-owned companies
d) vandalism at segregated stores

Answer 27

b) Freedom Rides

Question 28

What was President Johnson’s effort to better peoples’ living conditions called?

a) “war on Communism”
b) “war on poverty”
c) “war on terrorism”
d) “war on desegregation”

Answer 28

b) “war on poverty”

Question 29

What was the bitter dispute between the United States and the Soviet Union in the period following World War II called?

a) the War on Communism
b) the Red Scare
c) the Cold War
d) the Russo-American war

Answer 29

c) the Cold War

Question 30

How did Texas’s population change from 1950 to 1980?

a) It almost doubled.
b) It grew, but only slightly.
c) It decreased slightly.
d) It became more rural.

Answer 30

a) It almost doubled.

Question 31

How did higher oil prices affect the oil industry in Texas?

a) Oil companies began exploring alternative sources of energy.
b) Exports of oil from Texas tripled.
c) Thousands of oil workers were laid off.
d) Companies drilled more wells and increased production.

Answer 31

d) Companies drilled more wells and increased production.

Question 32

How did the growth of suburbs affect cities?

a) Newer, wealthier residents moved to the cities.
b) Cities saw increased tax revenues from the new, surrounding suburbs.
c) Middle-income residents left cities for the suburbs, hurting city businesses.
d) Older adults moved to the suburbs, causing the cities to become vibrant centers of youth culture.

Answer 32

c) Middle-income residents left cities for the suburbs, hurting city businesses.

Question 33

What name refers to the era in Texas history that lasted from 1945 to 1980?

a) Age of Oil
b) Civil Rights and Conservatism
c) Cotton, Cattle, and Railroads
d) Texas in World War II

Answer 33

b) Civil Rights and Conservatism

Question 34

What was the relationship between Lyndon B. Johnson and the civil rights movement?

a) He pushed for the resegregation of Texas’s public schools.
b) He ignored the movement, focusing instead on the country’s economy.
c) He supported the movement, but did little to further its goals.
d) He worked hard to win the passage of civil rights legislation, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Answer 34

d) He worked hard to win the passage of civil rights legislation, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Question 35

Why was Felix Longoria significant to the Mexican American civil rights movement?

a) He was the first Mexican American to be elected to public office in Texas.
b) He was a Mexican American who fought to attend a white school.
c) He was a Mexican American farmworker who protested poor working conditions.
d) He was a Mexican American veteran who was denied funeral services at a chapel by white cemetery officials.

Answer 35

d) He was a Mexican American veteran who was denied funeral services at a chapel by white cemetery officials.

Question 36

What did President Dwight Eisenhower’s Highway Act of 1956 do?

a) It placed a limit on the number of new highways that could be built.
b) It presented a comprehensive route map of the nation’s future highways.
c) It provided $25 billion to the states to help them build new highways.
d) It enacted speed limits, seat belt laws, and other safety measures.

Answer 36

c) It provided $25 billion to the states to help them build new highways.

Question 37

Why did many South Vietnamese refugees move to Texas?

a) The climate and geography of the Gulf coast were similar to that of Vietnam.
b) Texas offered them financial incentives to move to the state.
c) Because Texas was so diverse, they faced less discrimination.
d) Many already had relatives in Texas from a wave of immigration in the 1800s.

Answer 37

a) The climate and geography of the Gulf coast were similar to that of Vietnam.