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as level physics > Module 4.4 > Flashcards

Module 4.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the wavelength of Radio waves?

A

10^4 - 10^-1

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2
Q

What is frequency of Radio waves?

A

3 X 10^9 - 3 X 10^4

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3
Q

What is wavelength of microwaves?

A

10^-1 - 10^-4

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4
Q

What is frequency of microwaves?

A

3 X 10^12 - 3 X 10^9

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5
Q

What is wavelength of Infra-red?

A

10^-3 - 7.4 X 10^-7

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6
Q

What is frequency of Infra-red

A

4 X 10^14 - 3 X 10^11

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7
Q

What is wavelength of ultra violet?

A

3.7 X 10^-7 - 10^-9

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8
Q

What is frequency of ultra violet?

A

3 X 10^17 - 8 X 10^14

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9
Q

What is wavelength of X-rays?

A

10^-7 - 10^-12

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10
Q

What is frequency of X-rays?

A

3 X 10^20 - 3 X 10^15

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11
Q

What is wavelength of Gamma rays?

A

10^-9 - 10^-16

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12
Q

What is frequency of Gamma rays?

A

3 X 10^24 - 3 X 10^17

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13
Q

What is Amplitude?

A

A wave’s maximum displacement from its equilibrium.

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14
Q

What is Antinode?

A

A position of maximum displacement in a stationary wave?

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15
Q

What is Coherence?

A

Waves with the same frequency and constant phase difference.

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16
Q

What is Constructive interference?

A

The type of interference that occurs when two waves meet in phase. The wave amplitudes are superposed.

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17
Q

What is Critical angle?

A

The angle of incident that results in an angle of refraction of exactly 90 degrees. It is when the refracted ray travels along the boundary line.

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18
Q

What is Destructive Interference?

A

The type interference that occurs when the two waves are in anti-phase. When one wave is at a peak and one is a trough their addition results in a minimum point.

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19
Q

What is Diffraction?

A

The spreading of waves as they pass through a gap of similar magnitude to their wavelength.

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20
Q

What is Displacement (waves)?

A

The distance that a point on a wave is from its equilibrium position.

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21
Q

What is Electromagnetic Spectrum?

A

The spectrum of electromagnetic waves consisting of Gamma, X-Rays, UV, Visible light, Infrared, Microwaves and Radiowaves.

22
Q

What is Electromagnetic waves?

A

Waves that consist of perpendicular electric and magnetic oscillations. All EM waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum.

23
Q

What is Frequency?

A

The number of waves that pass a point in a unit time period. It is the inverse of the time period.

24
Q

What is Fundamental Mode of Vibration?

A

The oscillation of a wave at its natural frequency.

25
Q

What is Intensity?

A

The power transferred per unit area. It is proportional to the square of a wave’s amplitude.

26
Q

What is Interference?

A

The superposition of the amplitudes of waves when they meet.

27
Q

What is Longitudinal Waves?

A

A wave with oscillations that are parallel to the direction of energy propagation.

28
Q

What is Nodes?

A

A position of minimum displacement in a stationary wave.

29
Q

What is Oscilloscope?

A

A device used to display and analyze waveforms.

30
Q

What is Path difference?

A

The difference in phase between two points on a wave.

31
Q

What is Period?

A

The time taken for a wave to complete one full cycle.

32
Q

What is Polarization?

A

The restriction of a wave so that it can only oscillate in a single plane. The only happens to transverse wave.

33
Q

What is Progressive waves?

A

Waves that transfer energy from one point to another without a transfer of matter.

34
Q

What is reflection?

A

The bouncing of a wave at a boundary. The angle of incidence is equal the angle of reflection.

35
Q

What is Refraction?

A

The changing of speed of a wave as it passes into a new medium. If it passes into an optically denser medium, it will slow down.

36
Q

What is Refractive index?

A

A material property that is equal to the ratio between the speed of light in a vacuum and the speed of light in a given material.

37
Q

What is stationary wave?

A

A wave that stores, but does not transfer, energy.

38
Q

What is Superposition?

A

When two waves meet at the same point in space their displacements combine and the total displacement at the point becomes the sum of the individual displacements at that point.

39
Q

What is Total Internal reflection?

A

An effect that occurs in optical fibers, where full reflection occurs at the inside boundary of the fiber, meaning no radiation passes out. The angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle for this to occur.

40
Q

What is Transverse waves?

A

A wave with oscillations that are perpendicular to the direction of energy propagation. EM waves are examples of transverse waves.

41
Q

What is Wave spped?

A

The product of a wave’s frequency and wavelength.

42
Q

What is Wavelength?

A

The distance between two identical positions on two adjacent waves. It is commonly measured from peak to peak or trough to trough.

43
Q

What is Young Double-Slit experiment?

A

An experiment that demonstrates the diffraction of light by passing monochromatic light across two narrow slits and observing the resulting pattern of bright and dark fringes.

44
Q

Fundamental frequency wavelength formula

A

λ = 2L

45
Q

2nd harmonic wavelength formula

A

λ = L

46
Q

3rd harmonic wavelength formula

A

λ = 2/3 L

47
Q

4th harmonic wavelength formula

A

λ = L/2

48
Q

fundamental frequency formula

A

v / 2L

49
Q

2nd harmonic frequency formula

A

v / L

50
Q

3rd harmonic frequency formula

A

3v / 2L

51
Q

4th harmonic frequency formula

A

v / 0.5L

52
Q

How to find the wavelength of a standing wave (n = number of harmonics)

A

2L/n = λ

as level physics (12 decks)

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