Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCB LEC > MODULE 4.1 > Flashcards

MODULE 4.1 Flashcards

1
Q

increase in the number of cells or microbial population rather than in the size of individual cells

A

Microbial Growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

To increase the population of
microorganisms, their _____ and
_____ requirements must be provided.

A

nutritional and physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Factors Affecting Microbial Growth

A

biochemical factors (nutrition)
physical factors
generation time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

it is supplying cells with chemical tools (nutrients) they need to make monomers of macromolecules that mainly comprise microbial cells

A

Microbial Nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • made up of chemical elements
  • extracellular substances that provide the microbial cell with materials
A

Nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nutrients are extracellular substances that provide the microbial cell
with materials to (2)

A

Build protoplasm

Generate energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Biochemical factors (nutrition)

A

Macronutrients

Micronutrients

Vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Macronutrients

A

Protein, lipid, polysaccharide, LPS DNA, and RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Micronutrients

A

C, H, O, N, P, S, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vitamins

A

B1 (Thiamine), B2 (Riboflavin), B6 , B12 (Cobalamine), K, Biotin, Folic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

any nutrient material prepared/used for the growth and cultivation of microorganisms in the laboratory

A

Culture Medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are Culture Media for?

A
  1. for the growth and maintenance of microbial cultures
  2. to favor the production of particular compounds
  3. to study microbial action on some constituents of the medium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Types of Culture Media (physical composition)

A

Liquid
Semi-solid
Solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Types of Culture Media (chemical composition)

A

Synthetic or chemically-defined

Complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Types of Culture Media (principal purpose, function, or application)

A

General Purpose
Differential
Selective
Enrichment
Assay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Nutrient Agar
Tryptic Soy Agar
Brain Heart Infusion Agar

A

General purpose culture media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Eosin Methylene Blue
Mannitol Salt Agar
Blood agar (Streptococcus species)
Mac-Conkey agar (E. coli and lactose fermenters)

A

Differential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

contains general nutrients and 5% sheep blood.

It is useful for cultivating fastidious
organisms and for determining the hemolytic capabilities of an organism.

A

Blood agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Some bacteria produce different types of exoenzymes that lyse red blood cells
and degrade hemoglobin;

A

hemolysins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

different types of hemolysins - result in blood agar

A

beta hemolysis - clear zone
Alpha-hemolysin - greenish color
gamma hemolysis - no clearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Thayer-Martin agar (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)

NA with penicillin (Gram-negative bacteria)

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Sucrose (TCBS) Agar;

A

Selective culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cellulose agar (for cellulolytic microorganisms)

Petroleum broth (for petroleum-utilizers)

Blood agar (hemolytic bacteria)

A

Enrichment culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

fermentation media
TSI agar
Vitamin B12 assay medium

A

Assay culture medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Other Types of Culture Media

A

Indicator Medium
Sugar Medium
Transport Medium
Biochemical Reaction Medium
Aerobic Media and Anaerobic Media

25
Q

medium with no solidifying agent,

used for inoculum preparation, fermentation test

Nutrient Broth; Lactose Broth

A

liquid culture media

26
Q

medium with 0.1- 0.5% solidifying agent,

used for motility test,

Sulfur Indole Motility (SIM) Medium

A

semi-solid culture media

27
Q

medium with 1.5-2.0% solidifying agent,

used for Colony morphology observation, hemolysis and pigmentation characterization

Nutrient Agar; Blood Agar

A

solid culture media

28
Q

types of agar solid culture medium

A

agar plate
agar slate
agar deep

29
Q

complex polysaccharide (usually derived from red algae)

used as solidifying agent for culture media in Petri plates, slants, and deeps

A

Agar

30
Q

T or F. Agar is affected by growth of bacteria and has nutritive value.

A

F.

Agar has no nutritive value; generally not metabolized by microbes and is not affected by growth of bacteria.

31
Q

Agar
* Liquefies at _____
* Solidifies at _____

A

100°C
~40°C

32
Q

medium where all components are chemically-defined (precise nutrient composition and amounts)

prepared from pure chemicals

uses: important for genetic and specific or precise studies

Glucose, Inorganic Salt, Phosphate

A

Synthetic or chemically- defined medium

33
Q

disadvantages of synthetic medium (3)

A

– preparation is time-consuming
– microorganisms grow relatively slow
– prepared only for microorganisms with known nutritional requirements

34
Q

medium where not all components are chemically-defined

made from extracts from natural materials (beef, blood, casein, yeast, soybeans)

use: routine purposes

Nutrient Agar, yeast extract

A

Complex medium

35
Q

advantages of complex medium

A

– easy to prepare
– support rapid growth of most microorganisms

36
Q

medium that can support most or almost all types of species

A

general purpose

37
Q

medium that can distinguish visually one type of bacterium from another

exploits the ability of a particular microorganism to change the appearance of the medium

with special reagents like pH indicators and dyes

A

differential

38
Q

medium that allows growth of a specific type of microorganism only

contains selective agents/additives/toxic chemicals (salts, dyes, antibiotics, and other inhibitors)

extreme pH value or unusual carbon source to favor growth of a particular organism

A

selective

39
Q

selective medium used for Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Thayer-Martin Selective Agar

40
Q

medium that is used to increase the number of microorganisms with unusual physiological characteristics; contains special nutrients for microorganisms of interest

contains special nutrients for microbes of interest and inhibitory substances to suppress unwanted microorganisms

A

enrichment

41
Q

Enrichment medium for hemolytic bacteria

A

Blood Agar

42
Q

medium that is used for assay of vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics; may be used for qualitative or quantitative production of a compound by a microorganism

A

assay

43
Q

medium contains an indicator which
changes its color when a bacterium grows in them

Blood agar, Mac Conkey’s medium

A

indicator medium

44
Q

medium containing any fermentable substances

consists of 1% of the sugar in peptone water

A

Sugar Medium

45
Q

a small tube in sugar medium for the detection of gas by bacteria

A

Durham tube

46
Q

is a differential and sugar medium that contains 1% lactose, 1% sucrose, 0.1% glucose, ferrous sulfate , pH indicator PHENOL RED

Used to determine the ability to:
1. Reduce sulfur to H2S
2. Lactose &/or Sucrose fermentation
3. Glucose fermentation and Gas production

A

Triple Sugar Iron Test (TSI)

47
Q

medium used for transporting samples (prevent microbial proliferation; maintain viability of microorganisms)

Stuart’s medium, Cary-Blair, Amies

A

Transport medium

48
Q

medium that is recommended for the preservation and transportation of Neisseria species and other fastidious organisms from the clinic to laboratory.

A

Transport Medium Stuart

49
Q

medium used to provide additional information for the identification of the bacterium

Triple sugar iron agar (sugar fermentation); SIM Medium (Indole test); Citrate utilization; Christensens urease medium (Urease test)

A

Biochemical Reaction Medium

50
Q

medium for SUGAR FERMENTATION

A

Triple sugar iron agar

  • Lactose fermenters - E.coli, Klebsiella
  • Non Lactose fermenters - Salmonella, Shigella
  • H2S - Proteus
51
Q

Used to detect indole production by
the organism.

Motility Test

Kovac’s Reagent

A

SIM Medium (Indole test, motility test)

(+) pink ring - E.coli
(-) yellow ring - Klebsiella, Salmonella

52
Q

medium used in CITRATE UTILIZATION TEST

Test used to detect the ability of certain
bacteria to utilize citrate as the
sole source of carbon.

Sodium citrate and bromothymol blue as the indicator

A

Simmon’s Citrate medium

(+) blue color: Klebsiella
(-) green color: E.coli

53
Q

medium used in UREASE TEST

test is used to detect organisms that produce urease.

A

Christensen’s urease medium

(+) pink color: Proteus, Klebsiella
(-) yellow color: E.coli, Salmonella

54
Q

medium that is used to grow aerobes

  • Mannitol salt agar
A

Aerobic medium

55
Q

medium that are used to grow anaerobes

  • Robertson’s cooked meat medium
  • Thioglycolate medium
A

Anaerobic medium

55
Q

anaerobic medium that uses cooked meat particles as a reducing agent that absorbs O.

most species produce gas in this medium

A

Robertson’s cooked meat medium

Saccharolytic species turn meat pink

Proteolytic species turn meat black with foul smell

56
Q

Anaerobes that attack meat and turns meat into pink in Robertson’s cooked meat medium

A

Saccharolytic species

57
Q

Anaerobes that attack carbohydrates in meat and turns meat into black with foul smell

Robertson’s cooked meat medium

A

Proteolytic species

MCB LEC (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions