Module 4 Study Guide Flashcards
When did the American Revolution begin?
April 19, 1775
When did the American Revolution end?
September 3, 1783
The signing of what document ended the American Revolution?
The Treaty of Paris
Before the 18th century, the British controlled this aspect of colonial life, through the use of taxes and regulations over exports
Trade
What king signed the Proclamation of 1763?
King George III
What did the king hope to avoid by signing the Proclamation of 1763?
Another war
What were the FIVE parts of the Proclamation of 1763?
- Colonists could not buy land
- Colonists could not trade for land with natives
- Traders traveling west needed permission from Britain
- Colonists in the west had to move back east
- Only the British government could gain land in the west
(All mentions of “West” are west of the Appalachian Mountains)
Name five members of the Sons of Liberty
- Samuel Adams
- John Hancock
- Patrick Henry
- Paul Revere
- Joseph Warren
What was the slogan used to represent the colonist’s displeasure at the Stamp Act Tax?
No taxation without representation
What was the purpose of the Sons of Liberty?
Organize protests and boycotts against Britain
Salutary Neglect definition
Hands-off-policy of British, before 1763
Samuel Adams
Local leader in Boston (Sons of Liberty)
Committees of Correspondence
Founded by Samuel Adams
Worked together to challenge British laws and policies
Stamp Act of 1765
Prime Minister Grenville
Had to pay tax on paper taxes
Mercy Otis Warren
Playwright, wrote plays attacking British political leaders (after Stamp Act)
Boston Massacre
March 5, 1770
5 Men killed
Tea Act
1773, British East India Company could sell tea directly to colonists
Intolerable Acts
Coercive acts
Spring of 1774
Closed Boston Harbor
Canceled Charter of Massachusetts
Quartering Act
Colonists had to house British soldiers
First Continental Congress
October 1774
All colonies but Georgia sent representatives
Wanted peace with Britain
Patriots
Colonists who fought for independence
Minutemen
Local militia
Redcoats
British soldiers
Second Continental Congress
May 1775
Formed Continental Army
Olive Branch Petition
Continental Army
Massachusetts Militia
Led by George Washington
Common Sense
1776
Over 500,000 copies were distributed
Loyalists
Colonists who sided with the British
When was the Stamp Act passed?
March 22, 1765
What group protested against the British and their policies?
Sons of Liberty
What battle ended the Revolutionary War?
The Battle of Yorktown
When was the sugar act passed?
1764
What items were taxed by the sugar act?
Coffee, textiles, sugar, molasses
What form of communication in the colonies was formed as a result of the Sugar Act?
Committee of Correspondence
Formed in Boston
When was the first Committee of Correspondence formed?
1764
When was the Quartering Act passed?
March 24, 1765
Did taxes improve overall life in the Colonies?
No!
The quartering act required what two things to be given to British soldiers?
Food and lodging
When were the Sons of Liberty formed?
July 1765
After repealing the Stamp Act, what new law did the British pass?
Declaratory Law
When was the Stamp Act repealed?
1766
When were the Townshend Acts passed?
1767
What items were taxed by the Townshend Acts?
Glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea
When did the British Parliament repeal the Townshend Acts?
1770
When the Townshend Acts were repealed, the tax on what item was left behind?
Tea
How did the colonies respond to the Boston Massacre?
Ever colony formed a Committee of Correspondence
When was the tea act passed?
May 10, 1773
When did the Boston Tea Party take place?
December 16, 1773
How many chests of tea were dumped into Boston Harbor during the Boston Tea Party?
342
The Intolerable Acts gave more power to who?
The Royal Governor of Massachusetts
The Intolerable Acts limited town meetings to how often?
Once a year
Administration of Justice
Governor could move trials to Britain
What was another name for the Administration of Justice?
“Murder Act”
Quebec Act
Increased freedoms of French Canadians
What territory changes occurred because of the Quebec Act?
New French Canadian border went south of the Ohio River Valley
Why were English Protestants angered by the Quebec Act?
French Canadian Catholics were allowed to participate in government
Who won the French and Indian War?
The British
What practice was ended after the French and Indian War, that made the colonists feel that Britain had no right to tax them without representation?
Salutary Neglect
James Otis and Samuel Adams developed what slogan that became a rallying cry through the colonies?
“No Taxation Without Representation”
What method of protest became popular in the colonies?
Boycotting British goods
What group protested and organized violence to scare those carrying out tax collection?
The Sons of Liberty
The Tea Act led to what event?
The Boston Tea Party
Why did the British march on Lexington and Concord?
To seize weapons and capture colonial leaders
Who wrote “Common Sense?”
Thomas Paine
What English philosopher was the source of much inspiration for Jefferson?
John Locke
What document did Thomas Jefferson write for the Continental Congress?
The Declaration of Independence
Three ways the British made smuggling difficult
- Searched ships
- Cargo had to be listed
- Lists had to be approved
Who was the first to die at the Boston Massacre?
Crispus Attucks
Why was Britain so against smuggling?
The government didn’t make money from taxes
Five parts of the Intolerable Acts
- Quebec Act
- Boston Harbor Act
- Massachusetts Government Act
- Quartering Act
- Murder Act
When did the First Continental Congress meet?
October, 1774
Where did the First Continental Congress meet?
Carpenters Hall, Philadelphia
Who rode with Paul Revere to warn the colonists of the march of the British?
William Dawes
What were the two outcomes of the Second Continental Congress?
- George Washington was made commander of the Continental Army
- Olive Branch petition
Who was the commander of the Continental Army?
George Washington
When did the Continental Congress vote to adopt the Declaration of Independence?
July 4, 1776
Who is the father of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
What two former presidents both died on the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
What three “unalienable rights” are found in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
When was the Declaration of Independence proposed to the Second Continental Congress?
July 2nd, 1776
How did the original copy of the Declaration of Independence describe slavery, before this description was edited out?
A moral injustice
Why did the British tax the colonists?
To pay off their debt
Why did the British have such a great outstanding debt?
The French and Indian Was
Why did the colonists dislike the Stamp Act?
Taxation without representation
How much was the tax from the stamp act?
A very small amount
Who came up with the term, “No taxation without representation?”
James Otis
John Adams
The Boston Massacre led to what action being taken by every colony?
Forming a Committee of Correspondence
What battle is known as “The Shot Heard ‘Round the World?”
Lexington and Concord
Who said, “Give me liberty or give me death?”
Patrick Henry
Who were the leaders of the Green Mountain Boys?
Ethan Allen
Benedict Arnold
When were the Green Mountain Boys formed?
1775
What British fort was seized by the Green Mountain Boys?
Fort Ticonderoga
What was the importance of capturing Fort Ticonderoga?
Taking the ammunition stored there
Who, at the Second Continental Congress, insisted on the importance of a continental army?
John Adams
Where are Bunker and Breed hills located relative to Boston?
Across the river in Charlestown
Where did the Battle of Bunker Hill take place?
Breeds Hill
When did the battle of Bunker Hill take place?
June 17, 1775
Who won the Battle of Bunker Hill?
The British (Although they lost 3 times as many troops as the colonists)
The colonial minutemen, during the Battle of Bunker Hill, were told not to fire until when?
“You see the whites of their eyes”
Why did George Washington not sign the Declaration of Independence?
He was in Boston, training the Continental Army
What were the three main reasons that colonists remained loyal to Britain?
- No colony had broken away before
- Family ties
- Security (Including financial)
