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History > Module 3 Study Guide > Flashcards

Module 3 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Indentured Servant

A

Servants that signed a contract to work for 4-7 years, in exchange for passage to North America

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2
Q

Puritans

A

Wanted to break away from the Angelican Church

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3
Q

When did the Great Migration occur?

A

Between 1629 and 1640

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4
Q

Great Migration

A

1000s of people left England

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5
Q

What religious group was known as the “Society of Friends”

A

Quakers

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6
Q

What did the Quakers support?

A

Nonviolence, religious tolerance

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7
Q

What was the largest group in New Jersey?

A

Quakers

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8
Q

When was the English Bill of Rights signed?

A

1689

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9
Q

What was the result of documents such as the English Bill of Rights and the Magna Carta?

A

The British Monarchs had their power limited

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10
Q

When did the Great Awakening take place?

A

1730s and 1740s

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11
Q

When did the Enlightenment period take place?

A

Late 1600s and the 1700s

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12
Q

What did the Enlightenment promote?

A

Logic and Reason

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13
Q

Who came up with the Albany Plan of Union?

A

Benjamin Franklin

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14
Q

From where were many of the ideas for the Albany Plan of Union taken?

A

The Iroquois League

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15
Q

Salutory Neglect by the British occurred until when?

A

French and Indian War, 1763

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16
Q

What were the three sections of the English colonies?

A
  1. Chesapeake/Southern Colonies
  2. Middle Colonies
  3. New England Colonies
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17
Q

What did the economy of the Southern Colonies depend on?

A

Agriculture

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18
Q

What did the economy of the Middle Colonies depend on?

A

Craftsmanship and Banking

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19
Q

What did the economy of the New England colonies depend on?

A

Fishing, shipbuilding, lumber, trading

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20
Q

Describe the Society of the Southern Colonies

A
  1. Forced-labor society
  2. Large social gaps between rich and poor
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21
Q

Describe the Society of the Middle Colonies

A
  1. Lots of Quakers
  2. Diverse Population
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22
Q

What are the two names given to Philadelphia?

A

Failed “Holy Experiment” and City of Brotherly Love

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23
Q

Describe the Society of the New England Colonies

A
  1. Very religious - Pilgrims and Puritans
  2. Superstitious - Salem Witch Trials
  3. Mandatory schooling
  4. Lots of families
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24
Q

When did Sir Walter Raleigh found the colony on Roanoke?

A

1585

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25
Q

When did John White adventure to the Carolinas?

A

1587

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26
Q

When the colony on Roanoke was returned to, what had happened?

A

It had vanished

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27
Q

Who was the first person of English descendance to be born in the colonies?

A

Virginia Dare

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28
Q

What joint stock company founded the colony of Jamestown?

A

The Virginia Company

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29
Q

The Virginia Company founded what colony?

A

Jamestown

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30
Q

When was the House of Burgesses founded?

A

1619

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31
Q

What British citizen improved relationships with Natives and improved life in North Carolina?

A

John Smith

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32
Q

Who improved the economy of the colonies by bringing tobacco, which was traded for economic profit?

A

John Ralph

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33
Q

When was the Petition of Rights signed?

A

1628

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34
Q

When was the English Bill of Rights signed?

A

1689

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35
Q

What king signed the English Bill of Rights into effect?

A

King William III

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36
Q

What document, also signed in the 1600’s, came before the English Bill of Rights, and granted limited freedoms to English Citizens?

A

The Petition of Rights

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37
Q

What document stated that only the English Parliament, and not the King, could tax English citizens?

A

The Petition of Rights

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38
Q

What topics were included in the English Bill of Rights?

A
  1. Citizens had the right to bear arms
  2. Citizens had the right to trial by jury
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39
Q

What court case exemplified the right to freedom of the press?

A

The Zenger Trial

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40
Q

What group signed the Mayflower Compact?

A

The Pilgrims

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41
Q

When did the Pilgrims make their voyage across the Atlantic?

A

September - November 1620

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42
Q

Where did the Pilgrims land when they arrived in the New World?

A

Plymouth, Massachusetts

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43
Q

What type of government was the Mayflower Compact an example of?

A

Self-government

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44
Q

What religious group settled in Pennsylvania?

A

The Quakers

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44
Q

Why was the Mayflower Compact necessary?

A

Some of the voyagers on the ship spoke of breaking off from the others when they arrived

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45
Q

Who founded the colony of Pennsylvania?

A

William Penn

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46
Q

Who led the Puritans to religious freedom?

A

John Winthrop

47
Q

Where did John Winthrop settle?

A

Massachusetts

48
Q

Where did (most) witch trials in the 1600’s take place?

A

Salem, Massachusetts

49
Q

When did the Salem witch trials take place?

A

1692

50
Q

What colony did Anne Hutchinson found?

A

Rhode Island

51
Q

Why was Anne Hutchinson exiled?

A

She proposed religious ideas that church leaders found alarming

52
Q

When did Bacon’s Rebellion take place?

A

1670’s

53
Q

Who was the leader of Bacon’s Rebellion?

A

Nathaniel Bacon

54
Q

Where did Bacon’s Rebellion take place?

A

Virginia

55
Q

What government was overthrown during Bacon’s Rebellion?

A

The House of Burgesses

56
Q

During Bacon’s Rebellion, what Governor conflicted with citizens over their violent actions against the Native Americans?

A

Governor Berkeley

57
Q

What were slave codes?

A

Laws to control slaves

58
Q

Who does most information about slave living conditions come from?

A

Olaudah Equiano

59
Q

What is mercantilism?

A

The process by which wealth is controlled by controlling trade

60
Q

In the system of mercantilism, how does an entity make more money?

A

Higher exports, lower imports

61
Q

Before the French and Indian War, what did the British NOT do for the English Colonies?

A
  1. Enforce Laws
  2. Run Government
62
Q

When did the Great Awakening take place?

A

1730’s - 1740’s

63
Q

In the 1600’s, what discoveries allowed for the beginning of the Enlightenment period?

A

Discovery of Natural Laws

64
Q

What was the Great Awakening centered around?

A

Religion

65
Q

Who was the French and Indian War fought between?

A

French and Native Americans vs. English

66
Q

English Colonists proposed to develop what union, to fight in the French and Indian war?

A

The Albany Union

67
Q

Were colonists and the British Government in favor of the Albany Plan of Union?

A

NO

68
Q

When was the Treaty of Paris signed?

A

1763

69
Q

In 1763 (Treaty of Paris,) what land did the British gain from the Spanish?

A

Florida

70
Q

In 1763 (Treaty of Paris,) what land did the British gain from the French?

A

All French land east of the Mississippi

71
Q

Who founded Georgia?

A

James Oglethorpe

72
Q

When was Georgia founded, and what were the two purposes of its founding?

A

1732
1. Refuge for debtors
2. Buffer between English and Spanish

73
Q

Pontiac’s Rebellion

A

Natives Americans captured British forts, after English settlers went too far west into their territory

74
Q

What was the Proclamation of 1763?

A

The king declared that settlers could not settle past the Appalachian Mountains

75
Q

What three actions taken by John Smith improved life in the Jamestown?

A
  1. Building a fort
  2. Rewarding hard work with more food and better housing
  3. Forming a strong relationship with the Native Americans
76
Q

What two events led to a conflict between Jamestown settlers and the Natives?

A
  1. Native Americans attacked Jamestown after the arrival of 400 new settlers.
  2. Colonists killed Powhatan leader
77
Q

When did Jamestown settlers start a war with natives after killing one of their leaders?

A

1622

78
Q

When/Why was the Virginia Company charter cancelled?

A

1624, Because it failed to protect colonists from attacks by Native Americans

79
Q

What happened to Virginia after the Virginia Company charter was cancelled?

A

Virginia became a Royal Colony

80
Q

Who requested the Charter to found Maryland, and when did they do so?

A

George Calvert, 1620’s

81
Q

Who, in 1632, was finally issued the Charter that his father had wanted, to start Maryland?

A

Cecilius Calvert

82
Q

What was the first colony to promote religious tolerance?

A

Maryland

83
Q

What group found religious tolerance in Maryland?

A

English Catholics

84
Q

What act was passed by Lord Baltimore as a way to lessen tensions between Catholics and Protestants in Maryland?

A

The Toleration Act of 1649

85
Q

What did the Toleration Act of 1649 do?

A
  1. Make it illegal to limit the religious rights of Christians
  2. Show that the government wanted to offer citizens some religious freedom
86
Q

Why did the plan of James Oglethorpe fail?

A

People were not interested in moving to Georgia to start new lives

87
Q

When was Georgia made into a British Colony?

A

1752

88
Q

What was the purpose of slave codes?

A

To control slaves and prevent them from revolting

89
Q

Why were the Pilgrims exiled from Britain?

A

They were Protestants who wished to be free of the Church of England

90
Q

Before setting sail for the America’s, where had the Pilgrims attempted to live?

A

The Netherlands

91
Q

Why were the Pilgrims unwilling to remain in the Netherlands?

A

They feared that future generations would forget the traditions of their ancestors

92
Q

The joint-stock company formed between the Pilgrims and a collection of merchants was given a charter by the English government to settle where?

A

Virginia

93
Q

When was the Mayflower Compact signed?

A

November 21, 1620

94
Q

What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?

A

It was one of the first attempts of self-government in the English colonies

95
Q

Describe the relationship between the Pilgrims and the Native Americans

A

Positive, Native Americans taught colonists how to improve farming

96
Q

Who are the three main Native Americans associated with the Pilgrims?

A
  1. Samoset - Introduced the Natives to Pilgrims
  2. Tisquantum (Squanto) - Taught Pilgrims how to fertilize soil with fish remains
  3. Chief Massasoit - Wampanoag chief, attended the “First Thanksgiving”
97
Q

When did the “First Thanksgiving” take place?

A

In the fall of 1621

98
Q

Who could vote in Puritan communities?

A

Male church members

99
Q

What conflict emerged between New England colonists and the natives?

A
  1. Wampanoag tribe believed no one could own land
  2. Colonists believed that they owned any land they found
  3. Colonists believed that the natives should have to leave any land claimed by colonists
100
Q

What types of craftsmen helped the economy of the Middle Colonies to succeed?

A
  1. Blacksmiths
  2. Carpenters
101
Q

Why were children in Massachusetts taught to read?

A

So they could read the Bible and other church materials

102
Q

How did William Penn limit his own power?

A

By establishing an elected assembly

103
Q

What was the original government of Pennsylvania?

A

A representative democracy

104
Q

What were “staple crops?”

A

Crops that were always needed
Examples: Wheat, barley, and oats

105
Q

How were the colonial governments organized?

A

British Monarch –> Charter –> Governor –> Advisory counsel

106
Q

How did the Navigation Acts support the system of mercantilism?

A
  1. By giving Britain greater control of the economy
  2. The colonies could only trade with Britain
  3. There was a tax added to the trade of all goods
107
Q

What fort was built by George Washington?

A

Fort Necessity

108
Q

What was the purpose of Fort Necessity?

A

Help the British in a standoff against the French, in the Ohio River Valley

109
Q

What became of Fort Necessity?

A
  1. It failed
  2. Most of the British soldiers died
  3. George Washington surrendered to the French
110
Q

What was another name for King Philip?

A

Metacomet

111
Q

What man, chosen by the king, was in charge in Royal colonies?

A

The Royal Governor

112
Q

What group of people were in charge of proprietary colonies?

A

Proprietors

113
Q

When did the French and Indian War begin?

A

1754

114
Q

Who was the Wampanoag tribe leader that fought in the French and Indian War, because settlers were taking the land of his people?

A

Metacom, also known as King Philip

History (4 decks)

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