Module 4 - Skeletal System

Question 1

Describe the skeletal system and its functions.

Answer 1

The skeletal system is made out of bones. These serve to anchor the muscles, protect the organs, store minerals and create blood cells.

Question 2

What are the five kinds of bones?

Answer 2

Long, flat, short, irregular, sesamoid

Question 3

Describe and give some examples of long bones.

Answer 3

Long bones are long (duh) and thine and hold body weight and enable movement.

Ex: humerus, ulna, radius, tibia, fibia, metacarpuls, metatarsuls, femur

Question 4

Describe and give examples of flat bones.

Answer 4

Flat bones are thin and flat. They do not have a diaphysis or epiphyses. They consist of thin plates of compact bone covered with periosteum surrounding spongy bone covered with endosteum.They function to protect the organs and to produce blood.

Ex: skull, pelvis, ribs, scapulae, vomer

Question 5

Describe and give examples of short bones.

Answer 5

Short bones are small, cubital, and spongy inside. They do not have a diaphysis or epiphyses. They consist of thin plates of compact bone covered with periosteum surrounding spongy bone covered with endosteum.

Ex: carpals & tarsals.

Question 6

Describe irregular bones and give some examples.

Answer 6

Irregular bones are irregular (Again, duh.) They do not have a diaphysis or epiphyses. They consist of thin plates of compact bone covered with periosteum surrounding spongy bone covered with endosteum.

The vertebra, hyoid and pubis are examples.

Question 7

Describe and give examples of sesamoid bones.

Answer 7

Sesamoid bones are small and flat for the attachment of tendons. They actually develop inside tendons, usually where they cross joints.

Examples are the patella, pisiform

Question 8

https: //www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/resources/etymology/Forearm_hand.htm
http: //www.examples10.com/e/sesamoid-bones/

Question 9

Foramen, canal, fissure

Answer 9

Openings in bones to allow for nerves, blood supply or a passageway

Question 10

Sinus

Answer 10

Hollow chamber in bone, usually filled with air

Question 11

Process, ramus

Answer 11

Elevation in a bone

Question 12

Trochanter, tuberosity, tubercule, crest

line,spine

Answer 12

Process or projections for tendon or ligament attachment

Question 13

Head, neck,condyl, trochlea, facet

Answer 13

Processes designed for articulation with adjacent bones

Question 14

Fossa, sulcus

Answer 14

Depressions in bones

Question 15

Describe the axial skeleton

Answer 15

The main trunk of the body.

Skull, vertebral column, sternum, laryngeal skeleton, rib cage

Question 16

There are __ bones in the skull.

__ in the cranium and __ facial bones.

Answer 16

22

8

14

Question 17

Describe fonanelles.

Answer 17

A fontanelle is a space between two cranial bones. It allows for compression of the skull during child birth, and expansion during growth. They begin to close around two months but don’t finish until around two years.

Question 18

The large bones of the cranium have the same names as the lobes of the brain they cover. They are the ________ with covers the forehead, The two __________, which cover the top of the head, the __________, which covers the bottom back of the head.

Answer 18

Frontal

parietal,

occipital

Question 19

Below the parietal, on each side of the skull, just above the ear is the __________. It has a hole to allow sound to enter the inner ear.

Answer 19

Temporal bone

Question 20

The _____________ is under the temple on the side of your head, and forms the base of the eye sockets. Its name means wedge shaped.

Answer 20

Sphenoid

Question 21

The ____________ lies between the eyes, and separates the nasal cavity from the brain.

Answer 21

ethmoid

Question 22

Name the four fontanelles

Answer 22

Sphenoid, Posterior, Mastoid, Anterior

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

What are the bones of the skull?

Answer 24

The cranial bones are 1 frontal bone, 2 parietal bones, 2 temporal bones, 1 occipital bone, 1 sphenoid bone, and 1 ethmoid bone.

The facial bones are 2 nasal bones, 2 lacrimal, 2 palantine, 2 inferior nasal conchae, 1 vomer, 2 zygomatic 2 maxilla, 1 mandible

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