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CELS 101 > Module 4 (Microbiology) Overview > Flashcards

Module 4 (Microbiology) Overview Flashcards

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1
Q

Bacterial Genome

A

Single cellular chromosome
No nuclear membrane
Plasmids

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2
Q

Trophic Groups

A

Photoautotrophs
Photoheterotrophs
Chemoautotrophs
Chemoheterotrophs

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3
Q

Infection Cycle

A
  1. Attach
  2. Penetrate
  3. Uncoat
  4. Gene expression and genome replication
  5. Assembly
  6. Release
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4
Q

Types of horizontal gene transfer

A

Transformation
Transduction
Conjugation

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5
Q

Prokaryotic cell components (bacteria)

A 
Nucleoid
Cell wall
Flagella
Endopores
Adherence factors (Fimbriae, Pili and glycocalyx - capsule or slime layer)
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6
Q

Growth requirements

A

Carbon
Energy
Reducing power

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7
Q

Growth phases in culture system

A

Lag phase
Exponential phase
Stationary phase
Death phase

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8
Q

Human gut microflora

A

Firmicutes
Bacteroidetes
Actinobacteria
Proteobacteria

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9
Q

Virus Components

A

Genetic material
Capsid
+ some have envelope otherwise classed as ‘naked’

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10
Q

Attributes transferred through horizontal gene transfer

A 
Virulence factors (attributes that help the bacteria survive in host)
Antibiotic resistance (attributes that reduce the effectiveness of antibiotics against targeted bacteria)
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11
Q

Medically Important Pathogens

A 
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoa
Helminths
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12
Q

Microbial Pathogenesis

A

Adherence
Invasion
Replication
Disease

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13
Q

Antibiotic Resistance

A

Selection for mutants

Gene transfer

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14
Q

How to reduce antibiotic resistance

A

Decrease antibiotic utilisation
Improve diagnostics
Identify new targets
Combine therapies

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15
Q

Chain of Infection

A 
Causative agent
Reservoir
Means of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Person at risk
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16
Q

Stages of infection

A 
Incubation period
Prodromal period
Illness
Decline
Convalescence
17
Q

Bacterial Virulence Factors

A

Fimbriae (adherence)(Neisseria G)

Flagella (Invasion)(Heliobacteria)
InIB - Internal-related proteins (Invasion)(Listeria Monocyte)

Capsule (Replication)(Streptococcus P)
Siderphores (Replication)(Yersinia Pelis)

Endotoxins (disease)
Exotoxins (disease)(cytotoxins, neurotoxins, enterotoxins)

CELS 101 (4 decks)

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