Module 4 Lymphatic

Question 1

Lymphedema

Answer 1

an excessive and persistent accumulation of extravascular & extracellular fluid and proteins in tissue spaces

Question 2

What kind of system is the lymphatic system?

Answer 2

open

Question 3

What are the main components of the lymphatic system?

Answer 3

water and protein in the extracellular spaces

Question 4

Primary lymphedema

Answer 4

an inherent problem with the structures of the lymphatic system

Question 5

Secondary Lymphedema

Answer 5

an injury to lymphatic structures by sx, radiation, trauma, or infection

Question 6

Primary lymphedema cause

Answer 6

insufficient development and congenital malformation

Question 7

What are the 3 primary lymphedema stages

Answer 7

congenital
Praecox
Tarda

Question 8

Congenital lymphedema

Answer 8

presents at birth and is sometimes know as milroy’s disease

Question 9

Praecox (early) lymphedema

Answer 9

develops prior to 35 years of age

Question 10

Tarda lymphedema

Answer 10

develops after 35 years of age

Question 11

Primary lymphedema typically affects _________

Answer 11

more females than males and presents more often in the lower extremities

Question 12

What are the most common types of secondary lymphedema

Answer 12

cancers of breast, pelvis, and abdomen

Question 13

Lymphangitis

Answer 13

inflammation of lymph vessels

Question 14

Lymphadenitis

Answer 14

inflammation of lymph nodes

Question 15

lymphadenopathy

Answer 15

enlargements of lymph nodes

Question 16

Radiation therapy associated with treatment of malignment tumors also can cause

Answer 16

fibrosis of vessels

Question 17

When edema persists the skin becomes

Answer 17

less supple over time and takes on a brownish pigmentation

Question 18

Phlebolymphedema

Answer 18

a venous-lymphatic dysfunction has a mixture of low protein edema from protein edema from the venous system and a high protein edema from the lymphatic system

Question 19

Clinical findings of lymphedema

Answer 19

pitting swelling in the dorsal aspect of the foot with swelling in the toes

Question 20

Dependent edema

Answer 20

accumulation of the fluids in the peripheral aspects of the limbs, particularly when the distal segments are lower than the heart

Question 21

Lymphedema severity

Answer 21

based on staging or changes that occur in skin and subcutaneous tissue - pitting, brawny, and weeping

Question 22

Pitting edema

Answer 22

indentions in skin

Question 23

Brawny edema

Answer 23

edema areas feel hard with palpation

Question 24

Weeping edema

Answer 24

fluid is leakining

Question 25

Stage 0 - latency

Answer 25

no outward swelling
asymptomatic with occasional reports of heaviness in extremity
body is still able to accommodate lymphatic load

Question 26

Stage 1 - reversible stage

Answer 26

elevation reduces swelling
no tissue fibrosis
swelling is soft or pitting

Question 27

Stage 2 - spontaneously irreversible

Answer 27

fibrosis of tissue; brawny, hard swelling
swelling is no longer pitting
positive stemmer sign
frequent infections may occur

Question 28

Stage 3 - lymphostatic elephantiasis

Answer 28

positive stemmer sign
significant increase in limb volume ‘typical skin changes noted
bacterial and fungal infections of the skin and nails more common

Question 29

What is a common health condition in pt with lymphedema

Answer 29

cellulitis

Question 30

Positive stemmer sign

Answer 30

an indication of stage 2 or 3 lymphedema

Question 31

Is there a cure for lymphededma?

Answer 31

No, the main goal is to try to return to latency stage

Question 32

Phase 1 care

Answer 32

manual lymphatic drainage
multiple layer compression bandaging
skin and nail care
exercise

Question 33

Phase 2 care

Answer 33

self manual lymphatic drainage
compression therapy
skin and nail care
exercise

Question 34

Class 1 compression

Answer 34

20 -30 mm Hg
mild lymphedema
UE
pt with fragile skin or elderly

Question 35

Class 2 compression

Answer 35

30 -40 mm Hg
stage 2 lymphedema
minimum compression for LE

Question 36

Class 3 compression

Answer 36

40 -50 mm Hg
rarely used for UE
stage 2 LE lymphedema
pt with LE lymph involved with high intensity activities

Question 37

Class 4 compression

Answer 37

50 -60 mm Hg
rarely used
only LE
only custom made