Module 4: Joint Mobility Flashcards
What are the components of a joint?
bones, cartilage, joint capsule, synovial membrane, ligaments, meniscus, bursa, labrum
What are the 3 types of joints?
Synarthroses: no movement
Amphiarthroses: little movement
Diarthroses: full movement
What are the types of synovial joints?
plane, saddle, hinge, pivot, ball and socket, ellipsoid
What are the axes of movement?
Vertical: movement in the transverse plane (rotation)
Frontal (transverse): movement in the sagittal plane (flexion/extension)
Sagittal (anteroposterior): movement in the frontal plane (adduction and abduction)
What are some of the accessory movements that can occur at a joint?
Spin, roll, glide
What is the difference between a closed pack and loose-packed position?
Closed pack - maximum congruency of articular surfaces (maximum stability) , most vulnerable to injuries, ligaments are taut
Loose-packed - minimal joint congruency (least stable), ligaments are lax
What are the areas of the joint that can impact ROM?
bony shape and integrity, hyaline cartilages, capsule, bursa, labrum, contractile tissue, ligamentous tissue
How does hypomobility impact ROM?
thru fracture, OA, RA, tearing of intracapsular structures, soft tissue lesions, immobilization, neuro impairment, pain
What are the dangers of having hypermobile joints?
can increase the risk of injury and degeneration of the joint due to increased instability at the joint
What are the methods of testing ROM?
Measuring, AROM (without the help of practitioner), PROM (with help of practitioner), end feel (what type of tissue is decreasing ROM)
When is it a good idea to include PROM exercises?
when full AROM not possible due to weak muscle, neuro or pain
When is it a good idea to include AROM exercises?
with full or near full PROM but decreased AROM, has the benefit of increasing strength
When is it best to prescribe stretched?
increase or maintain ROM in a soft tissue limitation
- do not use in pt’s with hypermobility
When to prescribe joint mobilization?
to increase or maintain ROM when joint surface is the limiting factor`
When to prescribe manipulations?
to target accessory movements to increase ROM
