Module 4: Infancy

Question 1

Axons

Answer 1

Fibers that extend neurons and transmit electrochemical impulses from that neuron to the dendrites of other neurons

Question 2

Cortex

Answer 2

Outer layers of the brain; most thinking, feeling, and sensing happens in cortex

Question 3

Dendrites

Answer 3

Fibers that extend from neurons and receive impulses transmitted from other neurons via axons

Question 4

Myelin

Answer 4

Coating of fatty tissue around the axon of the neuron

Question 5

Neurotransmitters

Answer 5

Brain chemicals that carry information from the axon of a sending neuron to the dendrites of a receiving neuron

Question 6

Synapses

Answer 6

Intersection between the axon of one neuron to the dendrites of another neuron

Question 7

Cephalocaudal

Answer 7

Refers to growth and development that occurs from the head down

Question 8

Fine Motor Skills

Answer 8

The growth in using smaller muscle to make movements

Question 9

Gross Motor Skills

Answer 9

The growth in using bigger muscles to make movements

Question 10

Pincer Grasp

Answer 10

Development happens between 9 to 12 months: using the index and thumb to hold smaller objects

Question 11

Proximodistal

Answer 11

Development occurs from the center/core of the body in an outward direction

Question 12

Infantile or Childhood Amnesia

Answer 12

The idea that people forget everything that happened before the age of three

Question 13

Secondary Circular Reactions

Answer 13

Stages three and four of Piaget’s sensorimotor intelligence which involves the infants responses to objects and people

Question 14

Sensorimotor Intelligence

Answer 14

Piaget’s term for the way infants think(by using their sense and motor skills), during the first stage of cognitive development

Question 15

Tertiary Circular Reactions

Answer 15

Consist of actions(stage five and six), where infants become more creative in their thinking

Question 16

Holophrase

Answer 16

A single word that is used to express a complete meaningful thought

Question 17

Morpheme

Answer 17

The smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning

Question 18

Phoneme

Answer 18

A basic sound unit of a given language

Question 19

Disorganized Attachment

Answer 19

Infants inconsistent reactions due to the caregivers departure and return

Question 20

Insecure-Avoidant Attachment

Answer 20

Infant avoids connection with the caregiver; they act indifferent

Question 21

Insecure-Resistant/Ambivalent Attachment

Answer 21

Infant is clingy and doesn’t explore

Question 22

Secure Attachment

Answer 22

When infant has both comfort and confidence in the presence of their caregiver

Question 23

Temperament

Answer 23

Inborn differences between one person and another in emotions, activity, and self regulation, which is measured by the person typical responses to the environment