Module 4 - Incredible Nervous System Flashcards
A specific segment on the strand of DNA that contains instructions for making proteins is called a _____.
Gene
A hairlike structure that contains tightly coiled strands of the chemical DNA is called a _______.
Chromosome
Measuring non harmful radio frequencies as the pass through the brain is called a ______ scan.
MRI
The method used to study functions of the brain, and involves measuring amounts of low-level radioactive substances absorbed by brain cells is called a ______ scan.
PET
Placing electrodes on the scalp and measuring changes in the brain wave activity is called ____.
EEG
The cortical area that controls voluntary movements is called the _______ and is found in the ______ love.
Motor cortex
Frontal lobe
The cortical are that receives input from sensory receptors in the ears is called the ______ and is located in the _______ lobe.
Primary auditory cortex
Temporal
The cortical area that receives input from the sensory receptor in the skin, muscles, and joints is called the ______ and is located in the _____ lobe.
Somatosensory cortex
Parietal
The cortical area that receives input from sensory receptors in the eyes is called the _______ and is located in the _____ lobe.
Primary visual cortex
Occipital
The cortical area that is necessary to produce words and arrange them into sentences is called _______ and is located in the _____ lobe.
Broca’s area
Frontal
The cortical area that is necessary for understanding spoken words and putting words into meaningful sentences is called ______ and is located in the ______ lobe.
Wernicke’s area
Temporal
The two major divisions of the nervous system are the _________ and the _________.
Central and peripheral
One part of the peripheral nervous system is connected to sensory (afferent) receptors or muscles you can move voluntarily and is called the __________.
Somatic nervous system
The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, digestion, secretion of hormones, and other functions and is called the _________.
Autonomic nervous system
The brain is divided into which three major parts?
Forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain
The old brain that is involved with many motivational and emotional behaviours is called the _______.
Limbic system
The hypothalmus, found in the limbic system, controls the autonomic nervous system which has two divisions. The division that responds by increasing physiological arousal is called the _______.
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system triggers a state of increased physiological arousal so that the body can cope with threatening situations; this state is called the ______.
Fight-flight response
The division of the autonomic nervous system that is primarily responsible for returning the body to a calm or relaxed state and is involved in digestion is called the ______.
Parasympathetic nervous system
A system made up of numerous glands that are located throughout the body and that secrete various hormones is called the ______.
Endocrine system
The brain area that can be considered the master control for the endocrine system is the _____.
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus is connected to and controls one of the endocrine system’s major glands that has an anterior and posterior part and is collectively called the _____.
Pituitary gland
The largest part of the brain is called the ______. It is involved in cognitive responses that we characterize as most human.
Forebrain
The part of the brain that controls vital reflexes, sleeping, coordinating body movements is called the ______.
Hindbrain
The part of the brain involved in visual and auditory reflexes, as well as alerting the brain to incoming sensations is called the ______.
Midbrain
Beginning in the midbrain and extending downward is a long column of cells called the _______ that alerts the forebrain of incoming sensory information.
Reticular formation
One of three structures of the hindbrain serves as a bridge to connect the brain and body and also manufactures chemicals involved in sleep. It is called the _______.
Pons
The structure that controls vital reflexes, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, is called the _______.
Medulla
The structure that was assumed to be involved primarily in coordinating body movements, has recently been found to have a role in cognitive functions, such as short term memory, following rules, and carrying out plans, is called the ______.
Cerebellum
The thin outside layer of cells that has a wrinkled look and covers almost the entire forebrain is called the _______.
Cortex
The layer of cells in the cerebellum is divided into four separate areas or lobes. Name them.
Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
The lobe involved in controlling social-emotional behaviours, maintaining a healthy personality, and making and carrying out plans is the _______ lobe.
Frontal
At the back of the frontal lobe is a continuous strip called the _______, which controls the movement of voluntary muscles.
Motor cortex
Damage to the primary auditory cortex will result in inability to understand spoken and written word; a problem called _____.
Wernicke’s aphasia
Inside the forebrain is a central core of interconnected structures known as the primitive, or “animal” brain, or more technically, the _______.
Limbic system
Name the four of the areas that make up the limbic system, which are all involved in motivational and emotional behaviours.
Hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, and amygdala
The study of how cultural values, practices, and environment shape and are shaped by the brain is called ________.
Cultural neuroscience
The two hemispheres are connected by a major bundle of fibers that is called the _________.
Corpus
Mental programs for language, speech, math, memories, and knowledge of self, are located in __________.
The left hemisphere
Mental programs for spatial problems, processing emotional responses, and recognizing faces are located in _________.
The right hemisphere
Left hemisphere processes information in a piece by piece, or _______ way.
Analytic
Right hemisphere processes information in a meaningful whole, or has a _______ approach.
Holistic
Your brain has many separate but interconnected _______ programs.
Mental
